lander/lnm/src/http/lnm_http_loop_process.c

#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "lnm/http/consts.h"
#include "lnm/http/loop.h"
#include "lnm/http/loop_internal.h"
#include "lnm/http/req.h"
#include "lnm/log.h"
#include "lnm/loop.h"
#include "lnm/loop_internal.h"

static const char *section = "http";

/* static const lnm_http_loop_state lnm_http_loop_state_first_req =
 * lnm_http_loop_state_parse_req; */
static const lnm_http_loop_state lnm_http_loop_state_first_res =
    lnm_http_loop_state_add_headers;

void lnm_http_loop_process_parse_req(lnm_http_conn *conn) {
  lnm_http_loop_ctx *ctx = conn->ctx;

  lnm_http_parse_err res = lnm_http_req_parse(
      &ctx->req, &conn->r.buf[conn->r.read], conn->r.size - conn->r.read);

  switch (res) {
  case lnm_http_parse_err_ok:
    conn->r.read += ctx->req.buf.len;
    ctx->state = lnm_http_loop_state_route;

    lnm_linfo(section, "%s %.*s HTTP/1.%i",
              lnm_http_method_names[ctx->req.method], (int)ctx->req.path.len,
              ctx->req.buf.s + ctx->req.path.o, ctx->req.minor_version);
    break;
  case lnm_http_parse_err_incomplete:
    // If the request is already the size of the read buffer, we close the
    // request. Otherwise, we wait for anything read
    if (conn->r.size - conn->r.read == LNM_LOOP_BUF_SIZE) {
      lnm_linfo(section, "Received request larger than buffer (%i bytes)",
                LNM_LOOP_BUF_SIZE);

      conn->state = lnm_loop_state_end;
    }
    break;
  case lnm_http_parse_err_invalid:
    lnm_linfo(section, "%s", "Received invalid request");

    conn->state = lnm_loop_state_end;
    break;
  case lnm_http_parse_err_unknown_method:
    ctx->res.status = lnm_http_status_method_not_implemented;
    ctx->state = lnm_http_loop_state_first_res;
    break;
  }
}

void lnm_http_loop_process_route(lnm_http_conn *conn) {
  lnm_http_loop_ctx *ctx = conn->ctx;
  lnm_http_loop_gctx *gctx = ctx->g;

  // 0: no match
  // 1: matched route, but not method
  // 2: fully matched route
  int match_level = 0;
  lnm_http_route *route;

  for (size_t i = 0; i < gctx->routes.len && match_level < 3; i++) {
    route = gctx->routes.arr[i];
    bool matched_path = false;

    switch (route->type) {
    case lnm_http_route_type_literal:
      matched_path = strncmp(route->route.s, ctx->req.buf.s + ctx->req.path.o,
                             ctx->req.path.len) == 0;
      break;
    case lnm_http_route_type_regex:
      matched_path =
          regexec(route->route.regex, ctx->req.buf.s + ctx->req.path.o,
                  LNM_HTTP_MAX_REGEX_GROUPS, ctx->req.path.groups, 0) == 0;
      break;
    }

    // GET routes also automatically route HEAD requests
    bool matched_method = route->method == ctx->req.method ||
                          (route->method == lnm_http_method_get &&
                           ctx->req.method == lnm_http_method_head);
    int new_match_level = 2 * matched_path + matched_method;

    // Remember the previous match levels so we can return the correct status
    // message
    match_level = match_level < new_match_level ? new_match_level : match_level;
  }

  switch (match_level) {
  case 0:
  case 1:
    ctx->res.status = lnm_http_status_not_found;
    ctx->state = lnm_http_loop_state_first_res;
    break;
  case 2:
    ctx->res.status = lnm_http_status_method_not_allowed;
    ctx->state = lnm_http_loop_state_first_res;
    break;
  case 3:
    ctx->route = route;
    ctx->cur_step = route->step;
    ctx->state = lnm_http_loop_state_parse_headers;
    break;
  }
}

void lnm_http_loop_process_parse_headers(lnm_http_conn *conn) {
  lnm_http_loop_ctx *ctx = conn->ctx;
  lnm_http_req *req = &ctx->req;

  const char *value;
  size_t value_len;
  if (lnm_http_req_header_get(&value, &value_len, req,
                              lnm_http_header_content_length) == lnm_err_ok) {
    req->body.expected_len = lnm_atoi(value, value_len);
  }

  ctx->state = lnm_http_loop_state_steps;
}

void lnm_http_loop_process_steps(lnm_http_conn *conn) {
  lnm_http_loop_ctx *ctx = conn->ctx;
  lnm_http_step *step = NULL;

  // Loop until we either:
  // - reach the end of the chain of steps, indicated by NULL
  // - have a step that's waiting for I/O
  while ((ctx->cur_step != NULL) && (step != ctx->cur_step)) {
    step = ctx->cur_step;

    switch (step->fn(conn)) {
    case lnm_http_step_err_done:
      ctx->cur_step = ctx->cur_step->next;
      break;
    case lnm_http_step_err_io_needed:
      break;
    case lnm_http_step_err_close:
      conn->state = lnm_loop_state_end;
      break;
    case lnm_http_step_err_res:
      ctx->state = lnm_http_loop_state_first_res;
      break;
    }
  }

  if (ctx->cur_step == NULL) {
    ctx->state = lnm_http_loop_state_add_headers;
  }
}

void lnm_http_loop_state_process_add_headers(lnm_http_conn *conn) {
  lnm_http_loop_ctx *ctx = conn->ctx;
  lnm_http_res *res = &ctx->res;

  uint64_t digits = lnm_digits(res->body.len);
  char *buf = malloc(digits + 1);

  if (buf == NULL) {
    conn->state = lnm_loop_state_end;

    return;
  }

  sprintf(buf, "%lu", res->body.len);
  lnm_http_res_add_header_len(res, lnm_http_header_content_length, buf, digits,
                              true);

  if (ctx->g->server != NULL) {
    lnm_http_res_add_header(res, lnm_http_header_server, (char *)ctx->g->server,
                            false);
  }

  if (res->status == 0) {
    res->status = lnm_http_status_ok;
  }

  lnm_linfo(section, "%i %s", res->status,
            lnm_http_status_names[res->status / 100 - 1][res->status % 100]);

  ctx->state = lnm_http_loop_state_write_status_line;
}

// This function is intentionally written inefficiently for now, as it will most
// likely only have to run once for each response
void lnm_http_loop_process_write_status_line(lnm_http_conn *conn) {
  lnm_http_loop_ctx *ctx = conn->ctx;
  lnm_http_res *res = &ctx->res;

  const char *response_type_name =
      lnm_http_status_names[res->status / 100 - 1][res->status % 100];

  // First we calculate the size of the start of the header
  size_t buf_size =
      snprintf(NULL, 0, "HTTP/1.1 %i %s\n", res->status, response_type_name);
  char buf[buf_size + 1];
  sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.1 %i %s\n", res->status, response_type_name);

  size_t to_write =
      LNM_MIN(buf_size - res->written, LNM_LOOP_BUF_SIZE - conn->w.size);
  memcpy(&conn->w.buf[conn->w.size], &buf[res->written], to_write);

  conn->w.size += to_write;
  res->written += to_write;

  if (res->written == buf_size) {
    res->written = 0;
    ctx->state = lnm_http_loop_state_write_headers;
  }
}

void lnm_http_loop_process_write_headers(lnm_http_conn *conn) {
  lnm_http_loop_ctx *ctx = conn->ctx;
  lnm_http_res *res = &ctx->res;

  lnm_http_res_header *header;

  // Loop as long as we can still write new data and have headers to write
  while ((conn->w.size < LNM_LOOP_BUF_SIZE) &&
         ((header = res->headers.current) != NULL)) {
    size_t buf_len = header->name.len + 2 + header->value.len + 1;

    // Here, we also constantly calculate the entire buffer as we assume each
    // header will be written in one go
    char buf[buf_len];
    memcpy(buf, header->name.s, header->name.len);
    memcpy(&buf[header->name.len + 2], header->value.s, header->value.len);
    buf[header->name.len] = ':';
    buf[header->name.len + 1] = ' ';
    buf[buf_len - 1] = '\n';

    size_t to_write =
        LNM_MIN(buf_len - res->written, LNM_LOOP_BUF_SIZE - conn->w.size);
    memcpy(&conn->w.buf[conn->w.size], &buf[res->written], to_write);

    conn->w.size += to_write;
    res->written += to_write;

    if (res->written == buf_len) {
      res->written = 0;
      res->headers.current = res->headers.current->next;
    }
  }

  // The headers should end with an additional newline. If there's no space left
  // in the write buffer, we don't switch states so we can re-try this write
  // later
  if ((res->headers.current == NULL) && (conn->w.size < LNM_LOOP_BUF_SIZE)) {
    conn->w.buf[conn->w.size] = '\n';
    conn->w.size++;

    // HEAD requests function exactly the same as GET requests, except that they
    // skip the body writing part
    ctx->state =
        ctx->req.method != lnm_http_method_head && ctx->res.body.len > 0
            ? lnm_http_loop_state_write_body
            : lnm_http_loop_state_finish;
  }
}

void lnm_http_loop_process_write_body(lnm_http_conn *conn) {
  lnm_http_loop_ctx *ctx = conn->ctx;
  lnm_http_res *res = &ctx->res;

  size_t to_write =
      LNM_MIN(res->body.len - res->written, LNM_LOOP_BUF_SIZE - conn->w.size);
  size_t written = 0;

  switch (res->body.type) {
  case lnm_http_res_body_type_buf:
    memcpy(&conn->w.buf[conn->w.size], &res->body.data.buf[res->written],
           to_write);
    written = to_write;
    break;
  case lnm_http_res_body_type_file:
    written = fread(&conn->w.buf[conn->w.size], 1, to_write, res->body.data.f);

    if ((written == 0) && (ferror(res->body.data.f) != 0)) {
      ctx->state = lnm_http_loop_state_finish;
    }
    break;
  case lnm_http_res_body_type_fn:
    if (res->body.data.fn(&written, &conn->w.buf[conn->w.size], conn,
                          res->written, to_write) != lnm_err_ok) {
      ctx->state = lnm_http_loop_state_finish;
    }
    break;
  }

  conn->w.size += written;
  res->written += written;

  if (res->written == res->body.len) {
    ctx->state = lnm_http_loop_state_finish;
  }
}

void lnm_http_loop_process_finish(lnm_http_conn *conn) {
  // First we ensure the write buffer is fully flushed
  if (conn->w.size > 0) {
    return;
  }

  lnm_http_loop_ctx *ctx = conn->ctx;
  lnm_http_loop_ctx_reset(ctx);

  ctx->state = lnm_http_loop_state_parse_req;
}

void (*process_fns[])(lnm_http_conn *conn) = {
    lnm_http_loop_process_parse_req,
    lnm_http_loop_process_route,
    lnm_http_loop_process_parse_headers,
    lnm_http_loop_process_steps,
    lnm_http_loop_state_process_add_headers,
    lnm_http_loop_process_write_status_line,
    lnm_http_loop_process_write_headers,
    lnm_http_loop_process_write_body,
    lnm_http_loop_process_finish,
};

lnm_loop_state state_map[] = {
    // parse_req
    lnm_loop_state_req,
    // route
    lnm_loop_state_req,
    // parse_headers
    lnm_loop_state_req,
    // steps
    lnm_loop_state_req,
    // add_headers
    lnm_loop_state_req,
    // write_status_line
    lnm_loop_state_res,
    // write_headers
    lnm_loop_state_res,
    // write_body
    lnm_loop_state_res,
    // finish
    lnm_loop_state_res,
};

void lnm_http_loop_process(lnm_http_conn *conn) {
  lnm_http_loop_ctx *ctx = conn->ctx;

  lnm_http_loop_state http_loop_state;
  lnm_loop_state loop_state = conn->state;

  // We stop processing if:
  // - the event loop state has been explicitely changed inside the executed
  // step, as we need to switch to the other I/O loop
  // - the event loop state needs to be changed because the next step should be
  // run in another event loop state
  // - the process fn returned without changing the HTTP loop state, indicating
  // it's waiting for I/O
  do {
    http_loop_state = ctx->state;

    process_fns[http_loop_state](conn);
  } while ((conn->state == state_map[ctx->state]) &&
           (http_loop_state != ctx->state));

  // Check required to prevent overwriting manually set event loop state
  conn->state = conn->state == loop_state ? state_map[ctx->state] : conn->state;

  // We move the request to a dedicated buffer if the read buffer needs to be
  // reused
  if ((conn->state == lnm_loop_state_req) && (conn->state == loop_state) &&
      (!ctx->req.buf.owned) && (ctx->req.buf.len > 0)) {
    char *buf = malloc(ctx->req.buf.len);

    if (buf == NULL) {
      lnm_lerror(section,
                 "Failed to allocate request buffer; closing connection %i",
                 conn->fd);

      conn->state = lnm_loop_state_end;
    } else {
      memcpy(buf, ctx->req.buf.s, ctx->req.buf.len);
      ctx->req.buf.s = buf;
      ctx->req.buf.owned = true;

      lnm_ldebug(section, "Allocated request buffer for connection %i",
                 conn->fd);
    }
  }
}