v/examples/2048/2048.v

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import gg
import gx
import os
import rand
import sokol.sapp
import time
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struct App {
mut:
gg &gg.Context = 0
touch TouchInfo
ui Ui
theme &Theme = themes[0]
theme_idx int
board Board
undo []Board
atickers [4][4]int
state GameState = .play
tile_format TileFormat = .normal
moves int
perf &Perf = 0
is_ai_mode bool
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}
struct Ui {
mut:
tile_size int
border_size int
padding_size int
header_size int
font_size int
window_width int
window_height int
x_padding int
y_padding int
}
struct Theme {
bg_color gx.Color
padding_color gx.Color
text_color gx.Color
game_over_color gx.Color
victory_color gx.Color
tile_colors []gx.Color
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}
const (
themes = [
&Theme {
bg_color: gx.rgb(250, 248, 239)
padding_color: gx.rgb(143, 130, 119)
victory_color: gx.rgb(100, 160, 100)
game_over_color: gx.rgb(190, 50, 50)
text_color: gx.black
tile_colors: [
gx.rgb(205, 193, 180) // Empty / 0 tile
gx.rgb(238, 228, 218) // 2
gx.rgb(237, 224, 200) // 4
gx.rgb(242, 177, 121) // 8
gx.rgb(245, 149, 99) // 16
gx.rgb(246, 124, 95) // 32
gx.rgb(246, 94, 59) // 64
gx.rgb(237, 207, 114) // 128
gx.rgb(237, 204, 97) // 256
gx.rgb(237, 200, 80) // 512
gx.rgb(237, 197, 63) // 1024
gx.rgb(237, 194, 46) // 2048
]
},
&Theme {
bg_color: gx.rgb(55, 55, 55)
padding_color: gx.rgb(68, 60, 59)
victory_color: gx.rgb(100, 160, 100)
game_over_color: gx.rgb(190, 50, 50)
text_color: gx.white
tile_colors: [
gx.rgb(123, 115, 108)
gx.rgb(142, 136, 130)
gx.rgb(142, 134, 120)
gx.rgb(145, 106, 72)
gx.rgb(147, 89, 59)
gx.rgb(147, 74, 57)
gx.rgb(147, 56, 35)
gx.rgb(142, 124, 68)
gx.rgb(142, 122, 58)
gx.rgb(142, 120, 48)
gx.rgb(142, 118, 37)
gx.rgb(142, 116, 27)
]
},
&Theme {
bg_color: gx.rgb(38, 38, 66)
padding_color: gx.rgb(58, 50, 74)
victory_color: gx.rgb(100, 160, 100)
game_over_color: gx.rgb(190, 50, 50)
text_color: gx.white
tile_colors: [
gx.rgb(92, 86, 140)
gx.rgb(106, 99, 169)
gx.rgb(106, 97, 156)
gx.rgb(108, 79, 93)
gx.rgb(110, 66, 76)
gx.rgb(110, 55, 74)
gx.rgb(110, 42, 45)
gx.rgb(106, 93, 88)
gx.rgb(106, 91, 75)
gx.rgb(106, 90, 62)
gx.rgb(106, 88, 48)
gx.rgb(106, 87, 35)
]
},
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]
window_title = 'V 2048'
default_window_width = 544
default_window_height = 560
animation_length = 10 // frames
frames_per_ai_move = 8
possible_moves = [Direction.up, .right, .down, .left]
predictions_per_move = 200
prediction_depth = 8
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)
// Used for performance monitoring when `-d showfps` is passed, unused / optimized out otherwise
struct Perf {
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mut:
frame int
frame_old int
frame_sw time.StopWatch = time.new_stopwatch({})
second_sw time.StopWatch = time.new_stopwatch({})
}
struct Pos {
x int = -1
y int = -1
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}
struct Board {
mut:
field [4][4]int
points int
shifts int
}
struct TileLine {
ypos int
mut:
field [5]int
points int
shifts int
}
struct TouchInfo {
mut:
start_pos Pos
}
enum TileFormat {
normal
log
exponent
shifts
none_
end_ // To know when to wrap around
}
enum GameState {
play
over
victory
}
enum LabelKind {
points
moves
tile
victory
game_over
score_end
}
enum Direction {
up
down
left
right
}
// Utility functions, to avoid importing `math`
[inline]
fn min(a, b int) int {
if a < b { return a } else { return b }
}
[inline]
fn max(a, b int) int {
if a > b { return a } else { return b }
}
[inline]
fn abs(a int) int {
if a < 0 { return -a } else { return a }
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}
fn (b Board) transpose() Board {
mut res := b
for y in 0..4 {
for x in 0..4 {
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res.field[y][x] = b.field[x][y]
}
}
return res
}
fn (b Board) hmirror() Board {
mut res := b
for y in 0..4 {
for x in 0..4 {
res.field[y][x] = b.field[y][3 - x]
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}
}
return res
}
// GCC optimization bug; inlining fails when compiled with -prod
[no_inline]
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fn (t TileLine) to_left() TileLine {
right_border_idx := 5
mut res := t
mut zeros := 0
mut nonzeros := 0
// gather meta info about the line:
for x in res.field {
if x == 0 { zeros++ } else { nonzeros++ }
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}
if nonzeros == 0 {
// when all the tiles are empty, there is nothing left to do
return res
}
if zeros > 0 {
// we have some 0s, do shifts to compact them:
mut remaining_zeros := zeros
for x := 0; x < right_border_idx - 1; x++ {
for res.field[x] == 0 && remaining_zeros > 0 {
res.shifts++
for k := x; k < right_border_idx; k++ {
res.field[k] = res.field[k + 1]
}
remaining_zeros--
}
}
}
// At this point, the non 0 tiles are all on the left, with no empty spaces
// between them. we can safely merge them, when they have the same value:
for x := 0; x < right_border_idx - 1; x++ {
if res.field[x] == 0 {
break
}
if res.field[x] == res.field[x + 1] {
for k := x; k < right_border_idx; k++ {
res.field[k] = res.field[k + 1]
}
res.shifts++
res.field[x]++
res.points += 1 << res.field[x]
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}
}
return res
}
fn (b Board) to_left() Board {
mut res := b
for y in 0..4 {
mut hline := TileLine{ypos: y}
for x in 0..4 {
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hline.field[x] = b.field[y][x]
}
reshline := hline.to_left()
res.shifts += reshline.shifts
res.points += reshline.points
for x in 0..4 {
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res.field[y][x] = reshline.field[x]
}
}
return res
}
fn (b Board) move(d Direction) (Board, bool) {
new := match d {
.left { b.to_left() }
.right { b.hmirror().to_left().hmirror() }
.up { b.transpose().to_left().transpose() }
.down { b.transpose().hmirror().to_left().hmirror().transpose() }
}
// If the board hasn't changed, it's an illegal move, don't allow it.
for x in 0..4 {
for y in 0..4 {
if b.field[x][y] != new.field[x][y] {
return new, true
}
}
}
return new, false
}
fn (mut b Board) is_game_over() bool {
for y in 0..4 {
for x in 0..4 {
fidx := b.field[y][x]
if fidx == 0 {
// there are remaining zeros
return false
}
if (x > 0 && fidx == b.field[y][x - 1])
|| (x < 4 - 1 && fidx == b.field[y][x + 1])
|| (y > 0 && fidx == b.field[y - 1][x])
|| (y < 4 - 1 && fidx == b.field[y + 1][x]) {
// there are remaining merges
return false
}
}
}
return true
}
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fn (mut app App) update_tickers() {
for y in 0..4 {
for x in 0..4 {
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mut old := app.atickers[y][x]
if old > 0 {
old--
app.atickers[y][x] = old
}
}
}
}
fn (mut app App) new_game() {
app.board = Board{}
for y in 0..4 {
for x in 0..4 {
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app.board.field[y][x] = 0
app.atickers[y][x] = 0
}
}
app.state = .play
app.undo = []Board{cap:4096}
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app.moves = 0
app.new_random_tile()
app.new_random_tile()
}
fn (mut app App) check_for_victory() {
for y in 0..4 {
for x in 0..4 {
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fidx := app.board.field[y][x]
if fidx == 11 {
app.victory()
return
}
}
}
}
fn (mut app App) check_for_game_over() {
if app.board.is_game_over() {
app.game_over()
}
}
fn (mut b Board) place_random_tile() (Pos, int) {
mut etiles := [16]Pos{}
mut empty_tiles_max := 0
for y in 0..4 {
for x in 0..4 {
fidx := b.field[y][x]
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if fidx == 0 {
etiles[empty_tiles_max] = Pos{x, y}
empty_tiles_max++
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}
}
}
if empty_tiles_max > 0 {
new_random_tile_index := rand.intn(empty_tiles_max)
empty_pos := etiles[new_random_tile_index]
// 10% chance of getting a `4` tile
random_value := if rand.f64n(1.0) < 0.9 { 1 } else { 2 }
b.field[empty_pos.y][empty_pos.x] = random_value
return empty_pos, random_value
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}
return Pos{}, 0
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}
fn (mut app App) new_random_tile() {
for y in 0..4 {
for x in 0..4 {
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fidx := app.board.field[y][x]
if fidx == 0 {
app.atickers[y][x] = 0
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}
}
}
empty_pos, random_value := app.board.place_random_tile()
if random_value > 0 {
app.atickers[empty_pos.y][empty_pos.x] = animation_length
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}
app.check_for_victory()
app.check_for_game_over()
}
fn (mut app App) victory() {
app.state = .victory
}
fn (mut app App) game_over() {
app.state = .over
}
fn (mut app App) apply_new_board(new Board) {
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old := app.board
app.moves++
app.board = new
app.undo << old
app.new_random_tile()
}
fn (mut app App) move(d Direction) {
new, is_valid := app.board.move(d)
if !is_valid {
return
}
app.apply_new_board(new)
}
struct Prediction {
mut:
move Direction
mpoints f64
mcmoves f64
}
fn (p Prediction) str() string {
return 'Prediction{move: ${p.move:5} | mpoints: ${p.mpoints:6.2f} | mcmoves: ${p.mcmoves:6.2f}}'
}
fn (mut app App) ai_move() {
mut predictions := [4]Prediction{}
mut nboard := app.board
mut is_valid := false
think_watch := time.new_stopwatch({})
for move in possible_moves {
move_idx := int(move)
predictions[move_idx].move = move
mut mpoints := 0
mut mshifts := 0
mut mcmoves := 0
for i := 0; i < predictions_per_move; i++ {
mut cboard := app.board
cboard, is_valid = cboard.move(move)
if !is_valid {
continue
}
if cboard.is_game_over() {
continue
}
mpoints += cboard.points
cboard.place_random_tile()
mut cmoves := 0
for !cboard.is_game_over() {
nmove := possible_moves[rand.intn(possible_moves.len)]
nboard, is_valid = cboard.move(nmove)
if !is_valid {
continue
}
cboard = nboard
cboard.place_random_tile()
cmoves++
if cmoves > prediction_depth {
break
}
}
mpoints += cboard.points
mshifts += cboard.shifts
mcmoves += cmoves
}
predictions[move_idx].mpoints = f64(mpoints)/predictions_per_move
predictions[move_idx].mcmoves = f64(mcmoves)/predictions_per_move
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}
think_time := think_watch.elapsed().microseconds()
mut bestprediction := Prediction{mpoints:-1}
for move_idx in 0..possible_moves.len {
if bestprediction.mpoints < predictions[move_idx].mpoints {
bestprediction = predictions[move_idx]
}
}
eprintln('Simulation time: ${think_time:6}µs | best $bestprediction')
app.move( bestprediction.move )
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}
fn (app &App) label_format(kind LabelKind) gx.TextCfg {
match kind {
.points {
return {
color: app.theme.text_color
align: .left
size: app.ui.font_size / 2
}
} .moves {
return {
color: app.theme.text_color
align: .right
size: app.ui.font_size / 2
}
} .tile {
return {
color: app.theme.text_color
align: .center
vertical_align: .middle
size: app.ui.font_size
}
} .victory {
return {
color: app.theme.victory_color
align: .center
vertical_align: .middle
size: app.ui.font_size * 2
}
} .game_over {
return {
color: app.theme.game_over_color
align: .center
vertical_align: .middle
size: app.ui.font_size * 2
}
} .score_end {
return {
color: app.theme.padding_color
align: .center
vertical_align: .middle
size: app.ui.font_size
}
}
}
}
fn (mut app App) set_theme(idx int) {
theme := themes[idx]
app.theme_idx = idx
app.theme = theme
app.gg.set_bg_color(theme.bg_color)
}
fn (mut app App) resize() {
mut s := sapp.dpi_scale() || 1
w := int(sapp.width() / s)
h := int(sapp.height() / s)
m := f32(min(w, h))
app.ui.window_width = w
app.ui.window_height = h
app.ui.padding_size = int(m / 38)
app.ui.header_size = app.ui.padding_size
app.ui.border_size = app.ui.padding_size * 2
app.ui.tile_size = int((m - app.ui.padding_size * 5 - app.ui.border_size * 2) / 4)
app.ui.font_size = int(m / 10)
// If the window's height is greater than its width, center the board vertically.
// If not, center it horizontally
if w > h {
app.ui.y_padding = 0
app.ui.x_padding = (app.ui.window_width - app.ui.window_height) / 2
} else {
app.ui.y_padding = (app.ui.window_height - app.ui.window_width - app.ui.header_size) / 2
app.ui.x_padding = 0
}
}
fn (app &App) draw() {
ww := app.ui.window_width
wh := app.ui.window_height
labelx := app.ui.x_padding + app.ui.border_size
labely := app.ui.y_padding + app.ui.border_size / 2
app.draw_tiles()
app.gg.draw_text(labelx, labely, 'Points: $app.board.points', app.label_format(.points))
app.gg.draw_text(ww - labelx, labely, 'Moves: $app.moves', app.label_format(.moves))
// TODO: Make transparency work in `gg`
if app.state == .over {
app.gg.draw_rect(0, 0, ww, wh, gx.rgba(15, 0, 0, 44))
app.gg.draw_text(ww / 2, wh / 3, 'Game Over', app.label_format(.game_over))
app.gg.draw_text(ww / 2, wh * 2 / 3, 'Score: $app.board.points', app.label_format(.score_end))
}
if app.state == .victory {
app.gg.draw_rect(0, 0, ww, wh, gx.rgba(0, 15, 0, 44))
app.gg.draw_text(ww / 2, wh / 3, 'Victory!', app.label_format(.victory))
app.gg.draw_text(ww / 2, wh * 2 / 3, 'Score: $app.board.points', app.label_format(.score_end))
}
}
fn (app &App) draw_tiles() {
xstart := app.ui.x_padding + app.ui.border_size
ystart := app.ui.y_padding + app.ui.border_size + app.ui.header_size
toffset := app.ui.tile_size + app.ui.padding_size
tiles_size := min(app.ui.window_width, app.ui.window_height) - app.ui.border_size * 2
// Draw the padding around the tiles
app.gg.draw_rect(xstart, ystart, tiles_size, tiles_size, app.theme.padding_color)
// Draw the actual tiles
for y in 0..4 {
for x in 0..4 {
tidx := app.board.field[y][x]
tile_color := if tidx < app.theme.tile_colors.len {
app.theme.tile_colors[tidx]
} else {
// If there isn't a specific color for this tile, reuse the last color available
app.theme.tile_colors.last()
}
anim_size := animation_length - app.atickers[y][x]
tw := int(f64(app.ui.tile_size) / animation_length * anim_size)
th := tw // square tiles, w == h
xoffset := xstart + app.ui.padding_size + x * toffset + (app.ui.tile_size - tw) / 2
yoffset := ystart + app.ui.padding_size + y * toffset + (app.ui.tile_size - th) / 2
app.gg.draw_rect(xoffset, yoffset, tw, th, tile_color)
if tidx != 0 { // 0 == blank spot
xpos := xoffset + tw / 2
ypos := yoffset + th / 2
mut fmt := app.label_format(.tile)
fmt = { fmt | size: int(f32(fmt.size - 1) / animation_length * anim_size) }
match app.tile_format {
.normal {
app.gg.draw_text(xpos, ypos, '${1 << tidx}', fmt)
} .log {
app.gg.draw_text(xpos, ypos, '$tidx', fmt)
} .exponent {
app.gg.draw_text(xpos, ypos, '2', fmt)
fs2 := int(f32(fmt.size) * 0.67)
app.gg.draw_text(xpos + app.ui.tile_size / 10, ypos - app.ui.tile_size / 8,
'$tidx', { fmt | size: fs2, align: gx.HorizontalAlign.left })
} .shifts {
fs2 := int(f32(fmt.size) * 0.6)
app.gg.draw_text(xpos, ypos, '2<<${tidx - 1}', { fmt | size: fs2 })
} .none_ {} // Don't draw any text here, colors only
.end_ {} // Should never get here
}
}
}
}
}
fn (mut app App) handle_swipe(start, end Pos) {
min_swipe_distance := min(app.ui.window_width, app.ui.window_height) / 10
dx := end.x - start.x
dy := end.y - start.y
adx := abs(dx)
ady := abs(dy)
dmax := max(adx, ady)
dmin := min(adx, ady)
if dmax < min_swipe_distance { return } // Swipe was too short
if dmax / dmin < 2 { return } // Swiped diagonally
if adx > ady {
if dx < 0 { app.move(.left) } else { app.move(.right) }
} else {
if dy < 0 { app.move(.up) } else { app.move(.down) }
}
}
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fn (mut app App) on_key_down(key sapp.KeyCode) {
// these keys are independent from the game state:
match key {
.a {
app.is_ai_mode = !app.is_ai_mode
} .escape {
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exit(0)
} .n {
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app.new_game()
} .backspace {
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if app.undo.len > 0 {
app.state = .play
app.board = app.undo.pop()
app.moves--
return
}
} .enter {
app.tile_format = int(app.tile_format) + 1
if app.tile_format == .end_ {
app.tile_format = .normal
}
} .j {
app.game_over()
} .t {
app.set_theme(if app.theme_idx == themes.len - 1 { 0 } else { app.theme_idx + 1 })
} else {}
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}
if app.state in [.play, .victory] {
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match key {
.w, .up { app.move(.up) }
.a, .left { app.move(.left) }
.s, .down { app.move(.down) }
.d, .right { app.move(.right) }
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else {}
}
}
}
fn on_event(e &sapp.Event, mut app App) {
match e.typ {
.key_down {
app.on_key_down(e.key_code)
} .resized, .restored, .resumed {
app.resize()
} .touches_began {
if e.num_touches > 0 {
t := e.touches[0]
app.touch.start_pos = { x: int(t.pos_x), y: int(t.pos_y) }
}
} .touches_ended {
if e.num_touches > 0 {
t := e.touches[0]
end_pos := Pos{ x: int(t.pos_x), y: int(t.pos_y) }
app.handle_swipe(app.touch.start_pos, end_pos)
}
} else {}
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}
}
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fn frame(mut app App) {
$if showfps? { app.perf.frame_sw.restart() }
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app.gg.begin()
app.update_tickers()
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app.draw()
app.perf.frame++
if app.is_ai_mode && app.perf.frame % frames_per_ai_move == 0 {
app.ai_move()
}
$if showfps? { app.showfps() }
app.gg.end()
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}
fn init(mut app App) {
app.resize()
$if showfps? {
app.perf.frame_sw.restart()
app.perf.second_sw.restart()
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}
}
fn (mut app App) showfps() {
println(app.perf.frame_sw.elapsed().microseconds())
f := app.perf.frame
if (f & 127) == 0 {
last_frame_us := app.perf.frame_sw.elapsed().microseconds()
ticks := f64(app.perf.second_sw.elapsed().milliseconds())
fps := f64(app.perf.frame - app.perf.frame_old) * ticks / 1000 / 4.5
last_fps := 128_000.0 / ticks
eprintln('frame ${f:-5} | avg. fps: ${fps:-5.1f} | avg. last 128 fps: ${last_fps:-5.1f} | last frame time: ${last_frame_us:-4}µs')
app.perf.second_sw.restart()
app.perf.frame_old = f
}
}
// TODO: Move this somewhere else (vlib?) once Android support is merged
$if android {
#include <android/log.h>
#define LOG_TAG "v_logcat_test"
#define printf(...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, LOG_TAG, __VA_ARGS__)
#define fprintf(a, ...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR, LOG_TAG, __VA_ARGS__)
}
fn main() {
mut app := &App{}
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app.new_game()
mut font_path := os.resource_abs_path(os.join_path('../assets/fonts/', 'RobotoMono-Regular.ttf'))
$if android {
font_path = 'assets/RobotoMono-Regular.ttf'
}
mut window_title := 'V 2048'
// TODO: Make emcc a real platform ifdef
$if emscripten? {
// in emscripten, sokol uses `window_title` as the selector to the canvas it'll render to,
// and since `document.querySelector('V 2048')` isn't valid JS, we use `canvas` instead
window_title = 'canvas'
}
app.perf = &Perf{}
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app.gg = gg.new_context({
bg_color: app.theme.bg_color
width: default_window_width
height: default_window_height
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create_window: true
window_title: window_title
frame_fn: frame
event_fn: on_event
init_fn: init
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user_data: app
font_path: font_path
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})
app.gg.run()
}