v/thirdparty/libbacktrace/darwin.c

// macho.c:
#include <dirent.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>

#ifdef HAVE_MACH_O_DYLD_H
#include <mach-o/dyld.h>
#endif

struct macho_header_32 {
  uint32_t magic;
  uint32_t cputype;
  uint32_t cpusubtype;
  uint32_t filetype;
  uint32_t ncmds;
  uint32_t sizeofcmds;
  uint32_t flags;
};

struct macho_header_64 {
  uint32_t magic;
  uint32_t cputype;
  uint32_t cpusubtype;
  uint32_t filetype;
  uint32_t ncmds;
  uint32_t sizeofcmds;
  uint32_t flags;
  uint32_t reserved;
};

struct macho_header_fat {
  uint32_t magic;
  uint32_t nfat_arch;
};

#define MACH_O_MH_MAGIC_32 0xfeedface
#define MACH_O_MH_MAGIC_64 0xfeedfacf
#define MACH_O_MH_MAGIC_FAT 0xcafebabe
#define MACH_O_MH_CIGAM_FAT 0xbebafeca
#define MACH_O_MH_MAGIC_FAT_64 0xcafebabf
#define MACH_O_MH_CIGAM_FAT_64 0xbfbafeca

#define MACH_O_MH_EXECUTE 0x02
#define MACH_O_MH_DYLIB 0x06
#define MACH_O_MH_DSYM 0x0a

struct macho_fat_arch {
  uint32_t cputype;
  uint32_t cpusubtype;
  uint32_t offset;
  uint32_t size;
  uint32_t align;
};

struct macho_fat_arch_64 {
  uint32_t cputype;
  uint32_t cpusubtype;
  uint64_t offset;
  uint64_t size;
  uint32_t align;
  uint32_t reserved;
};

#define MACH_O_CPU_ARCH_ABI64 0x01000000

#define MACH_O_CPU_TYPE_X86 7
#define MACH_O_CPU_TYPE_ARM 12
#define MACH_O_CPU_TYPE_PPC 18

#define MACH_O_CPU_TYPE_X86_64 (MACH_O_CPU_TYPE_X86 | MACH_O_CPU_ARCH_ABI64)
#define MACH_O_CPU_TYPE_ARM64 (MACH_O_CPU_TYPE_ARM | MACH_O_CPU_ARCH_ABI64)
#define MACH_O_CPU_TYPE_PPC64 (MACH_O_CPU_TYPE_PPC | MACH_O_CPU_ARCH_ABI64)

struct macho_load_command {
  uint32_t cmd;
  uint32_t cmdsize;
};

#define MACH_O_LC_SEGMENT 0x01
#define MACH_O_LC_SYMTAB 0x02
#define MACH_O_LC_SEGMENT_64 0x19
#define MACH_O_LC_UUID 0x1b

#define MACH_O_NAMELEN (16)

struct macho_segment_command {
  uint32_t cmd;
  uint32_t cmdsize;
  char segname[MACH_O_NAMELEN];
  uint32_t vmaddr;
  uint32_t vmsize;
  uint32_t fileoff;
  uint32_t filesize;
  uint32_t maxprot;
  uint32_t initprot;
  uint32_t nsects;
  uint32_t flags;
};

struct macho_segment_64_command {
  uint32_t cmd;
  uint32_t cmdsize;
  char segname[MACH_O_NAMELEN];
  uint64_t vmaddr;
  uint64_t vmsize;
  uint64_t fileoff;
  uint64_t filesize;
  uint32_t maxprot;
  uint32_t initprot;
  uint32_t nsects;
  uint32_t flags;
};

struct macho_symtab_command {
  uint32_t cmd;
  uint32_t cmdsize;
  uint32_t symoff;
  uint32_t nsyms;
  uint32_t stroff;
  uint32_t strsize;
};

#define MACH_O_UUID_LEN (16)

struct macho_uuid_command {
  uint32_t cmd;
  uint32_t cmdsize;
  unsigned char uuid[MACH_O_UUID_LEN];
};

struct macho_section {
  char sectname[MACH_O_NAMELEN];
  char segment[MACH_O_NAMELEN];
  uint32_t addr;
  uint32_t size;
  uint32_t offset;
  uint32_t align;
  uint32_t reloff;
  uint32_t nreloc;
  uint32_t flags;
  uint32_t reserved1;
  uint32_t reserved2;
};

struct macho_section_64 {
  char sectname[MACH_O_NAMELEN];
  char segment[MACH_O_NAMELEN];
  uint64_t addr;
  uint64_t size;
  uint32_t offset;
  uint32_t align;
  uint32_t reloff;
  uint32_t nreloc;
  uint32_t flags;
  uint32_t reserved1;
  uint32_t reserved2;
  uint32_t reserved3;
};

struct macho_nlist {
  uint32_t n_strx;
  uint8_t n_type;
  uint8_t n_sect;
  uint16_t n_desc;
  uint32_t n_value;
};

struct macho_nlist_64 {
  uint32_t n_strx;
  uint8_t n_type;
  uint8_t n_sect;
  uint16_t n_desc;
  uint64_t n_value;
};

#define MACH_O_N_EXT 0x01
#define MACH_O_N_ABS 0x02
#define MACH_O_N_SECT 0x0e
#define MACH_O_N_TYPE 0x0e
#define MACH_O_N_STAB 0xe0

struct macho_symbol {
  const char *name;
  uintptr_t address;
};

struct macho_syminfo_data {
  struct macho_syminfo_data *next;
  struct macho_symbol *symbols;
  size_t count;
};

static const char *const dwarf_section_names[DEBUG_MAX] = {
    "__debug_info",     "__debug_line",
    "__debug_abbrev",   "__debug_ranges",
    "__debug_str",      "",
    "__debug_str_offs", "",
    "__debug_rnglists"};

static int macho_add(struct backtrace_state *, const char *, int, off_t,
                     const unsigned char *, uintptr_t, int,
                     backtrace_error_callback, void *, fileline *, int *);

static int macho_nodebug(struct backtrace_state *state ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                         uintptr_t pc ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                         backtrace_full_callback callback ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                         backtrace_error_callback error_callback, void *data) {
  error_callback(data, "no debug info in Mach-O executable", -1);
  return 0;
}

static void macho_nosyms(struct backtrace_state *state ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                         uintptr_t addr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                         backtrace_syminfo_callback callback ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                         backtrace_error_callback error_callback, void *data) {
  error_callback(data, "no symbol table in Mach-O executable", -1);
}

static int macho_add_dwarf_section(struct backtrace_state *state,
                                   int descriptor, const char *sectname,
                                   uint32_t offset, uint64_t size,
                                   backtrace_error_callback error_callback,
                                   void *data,
                                   struct dwarf_sections *dwarf_sections) {
  int i;

  for (i = 0; i < (int)DEBUG_MAX; ++i) {
    if (dwarf_section_names[i][0] != '\0' &&
        strncmp(sectname, dwarf_section_names[i], MACH_O_NAMELEN) == 0) {
      struct backtrace_view section_view;

      if (!backtrace_get_view(state, descriptor, offset, size, error_callback,
                              data, &section_view))
        return 0;
      dwarf_sections->data[i] = (const unsigned char *)section_view.data;
      dwarf_sections->size[i] = size;
      break;
    }
  }
  return 1;
}

static int macho_add_dwarf_segment(struct backtrace_state *state,
                                   int descriptor, off_t offset,
                                   unsigned int cmd, const char *psecs,
                                   size_t sizesecs, unsigned int nsects,
                                   backtrace_error_callback error_callback,
                                   void *data,
                                   struct dwarf_sections *dwarf_sections) {
  size_t sec_header_size;
  size_t secoffset;
  unsigned int i;

  switch (cmd) {
    case MACH_O_LC_SEGMENT:
      sec_header_size = sizeof(struct macho_section);
      break;
    case MACH_O_LC_SEGMENT_64:
      sec_header_size = sizeof(struct macho_section_64);
      break;
    default:
      abort();
  }

  secoffset = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < nsects; ++i) {
    if (secoffset + sec_header_size > sizesecs) {
      error_callback(data, "section overflow withing segment", 0);
      return 0;
    }

    switch (cmd) {
      case MACH_O_LC_SEGMENT: {
        struct macho_section section;

        memcpy(&section, psecs + secoffset, sizeof section);
        macho_add_dwarf_section(state, descriptor, section.sectname,
                                offset + section.offset, section.size,
                                error_callback, data, dwarf_sections);
      } break;

      case MACH_O_LC_SEGMENT_64: {
        struct macho_section_64 section;

        memcpy(&section, psecs + secoffset, sizeof section);
        macho_add_dwarf_section(state, descriptor, section.sectname,
                                offset + section.offset, section.size,
                                error_callback, data, dwarf_sections);
      } break;

      default:
        abort();
    }

    secoffset += sec_header_size;
  }

  return 1;
}

static int macho_symbol_compare(const void *v1, const void *v2) {
  const struct macho_symbol *m1 = (const struct macho_symbol *)v1;
  const struct macho_symbol *m2 = (const struct macho_symbol *)v2;

  if (m1->address < m2->address)
    return -1;
  else if (m1->address > m2->address)
    return 1;
  else
    return 0;
}

static int macho_symbol_search(const void *vkey, const void *ventry) {
  const uintptr_t *key = (const uintptr_t *)vkey;
  const struct macho_symbol *entry = (const struct macho_symbol *)ventry;
  uintptr_t addr;

  addr = *key;
  if (addr < entry->address)
    return -1;
  else if (entry->name[0] == '\0' && entry->address == ~(uintptr_t)0)
    return -1;
  else if ((entry + 1)->name[0] == '\0' &&
           (entry + 1)->address == ~(uintptr_t)0)
    return -1;
  else if (addr >= (entry + 1)->address)
    return 1;
  else
    return 0;
}

static int macho_defined_symbol(uint8_t type) {
  if ((type & MACH_O_N_STAB) != 0) return 0;
  if ((type & MACH_O_N_EXT) != 0) return 0;
  switch (type & MACH_O_N_TYPE) {
    case MACH_O_N_ABS:
      return 1;
    case MACH_O_N_SECT:
      return 1;
    default:
      return 0;
  }
}

static int macho_add_symtab(struct backtrace_state *state, int descriptor,
                            uintptr_t base_address, int is_64, off_t symoff,
                            unsigned int nsyms, off_t stroff,
                            unsigned int strsize,
                            backtrace_error_callback error_callback,
                            void *data) {
  size_t symsize;
  struct backtrace_view sym_view;
  int sym_view_valid;
  struct backtrace_view str_view;
  int str_view_valid;
  size_t ndefs;
  size_t symtaboff;
  unsigned int i;
  size_t macho_symbol_size;
  struct macho_symbol *macho_symbols;
  unsigned int j;
  struct macho_syminfo_data *sdata;

  sym_view_valid = 0;
  str_view_valid = 0;
  macho_symbol_size = 0;
  macho_symbols = NULL;

  if (is_64)
    symsize = sizeof(struct macho_nlist_64);
  else
    symsize = sizeof(struct macho_nlist);

  if (!backtrace_get_view(state, descriptor, symoff, nsyms * symsize,
                          error_callback, data, &sym_view))
    goto fail;
  sym_view_valid = 1;

  if (!backtrace_get_view(state, descriptor, stroff, strsize, error_callback,
                          data, &str_view))
    return 0;
  str_view_valid = 1;

  ndefs = 0;
  symtaboff = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < nsyms; ++i, symtaboff += symsize) {
    if (is_64) {
      struct macho_nlist_64 nlist;

      memcpy(&nlist, (const char *)sym_view.data + symtaboff, sizeof nlist);
      if (macho_defined_symbol(nlist.n_type)) ++ndefs;
    } else {
      struct macho_nlist nlist;

      memcpy(&nlist, (const char *)sym_view.data + symtaboff, sizeof nlist);
      if (macho_defined_symbol(nlist.n_type)) ++ndefs;
    }
  }

  macho_symbol_size = (ndefs + 1) * sizeof(struct macho_symbol);
  macho_symbols = ((struct macho_symbol *)backtrace_alloc(
      state, macho_symbol_size, error_callback, data));
  if (macho_symbols == NULL) goto fail;

  j = 0;
  symtaboff = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < nsyms; ++i, symtaboff += symsize) {
    uint32_t strx;
    uint64_t value;
    const char *name;

    strx = 0;
    value = 0;
    if (is_64) {
      struct macho_nlist_64 nlist;

      memcpy(&nlist, (const char *)sym_view.data + symtaboff, sizeof nlist);
      if (!macho_defined_symbol(nlist.n_type)) continue;

      strx = nlist.n_strx;
      value = nlist.n_value;
    } else {
      struct macho_nlist nlist;

      memcpy(&nlist, (const char *)sym_view.data + symtaboff, sizeof nlist);
      if (!macho_defined_symbol(nlist.n_type)) continue;

      strx = nlist.n_strx;
      value = nlist.n_value;
    }

    if (strx >= strsize) {
      error_callback(data, "symbol string index out of range", 0);
      goto fail;
    }

    name = (const char *)str_view.data + strx;
    if (name[0] == '_') ++name;
    macho_symbols[j].name = name;
    macho_symbols[j].address = value + base_address;
    ++j;
  }

  sdata = ((struct macho_syminfo_data *)backtrace_alloc(state, sizeof *sdata,
                                                        error_callback, data));
  if (sdata == NULL) goto fail;

  backtrace_release_view(state, &sym_view, error_callback, data);
  sym_view_valid = 0;
  str_view_valid = 0;

  macho_symbols[j].name = "";
  macho_symbols[j].address = ~(uintptr_t)0;

  backtrace_qsort(macho_symbols, ndefs + 1, sizeof(struct macho_symbol),
                  macho_symbol_compare);

  sdata->next = NULL;
  sdata->symbols = macho_symbols;
  sdata->count = ndefs;

  if (!state->threaded) {
    struct macho_syminfo_data **pp;

    for (pp = (struct macho_syminfo_data **)(void *)&state->syminfo_data;
         *pp != NULL; pp = &(*pp)->next)
      ;
    *pp = sdata;
  } else {
    while (1) {
      struct macho_syminfo_data **pp;

      pp = (struct macho_syminfo_data **)(void *)&state->syminfo_data;

      while (1) {
        struct macho_syminfo_data *p;

        p = backtrace_atomic_load_pointer(pp);

        if (p == NULL) break;

        pp = &p->next;
      }

      if (__sync_bool_compare_and_swap(pp, NULL, sdata)) break;
    }
  }

  return 1;

fail:
  if (macho_symbols != NULL)
    backtrace_free(state, macho_symbols, macho_symbol_size, error_callback,
                   data);
  if (sym_view_valid)
    backtrace_release_view(state, &sym_view, error_callback, data);
  if (str_view_valid)
    backtrace_release_view(state, &str_view, error_callback, data);
  return 0;
}

static void macho_syminfo(
    struct backtrace_state *state, uintptr_t addr,
    backtrace_syminfo_callback callback,
    backtrace_error_callback error_callback ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, void *data) {
  struct macho_syminfo_data *sdata;
  struct macho_symbol *sym;

  sym = NULL;
  if (!state->threaded) {
    for (sdata = (struct macho_syminfo_data *)state->syminfo_data;
         sdata != NULL; sdata = sdata->next) {
      sym = ((struct macho_symbol *)bsearch(&addr, sdata->symbols, sdata->count,
                                            sizeof(struct macho_symbol),
                                            macho_symbol_search));
      if (sym != NULL) break;
    }
  } else {
    struct macho_syminfo_data **pp;

    pp = (struct macho_syminfo_data **)(void *)&state->syminfo_data;
    while (1) {
      sdata = backtrace_atomic_load_pointer(pp);
      if (sdata == NULL) break;

      sym = ((struct macho_symbol *)bsearch(&addr, sdata->symbols, sdata->count,
                                            sizeof(struct macho_symbol),
                                            macho_symbol_search));
      if (sym != NULL) break;

      pp = &sdata->next;
    }
  }

  if (sym == NULL)
    callback(data, addr, NULL, 0, 0);
  else
    callback(data, addr, sym->name, sym->address, 0);
}

static int macho_add_fat(struct backtrace_state *state, const char *filename,
                         int descriptor, int swapped, off_t offset,
                         const unsigned char *match_uuid,
                         uintptr_t base_address, int skip_symtab,
                         uint32_t nfat_arch, int is_64,
                         backtrace_error_callback error_callback, void *data,
                         fileline *fileline_fn, int *found_sym) {
  int arch_view_valid;
  unsigned int cputype;
  size_t arch_size;
  struct backtrace_view arch_view;
  unsigned int i;

  arch_view_valid = 0;

#if defined(__x86_64__)
  cputype = MACH_O_CPU_TYPE_X86_64;
#elif defined(__i386__)
  cputype = MACH_O_CPU_TYPE_X86;
#elif defined(__aarch64__)
  cputype = MACH_O_CPU_TYPE_ARM64;
#elif defined(__arm__)
  cputype = MACH_O_CPU_TYPE_ARM;
#elif defined(__ppc__)
  cputype = MACH_O_CPU_TYPE_PPC;
#elif defined(__ppc64__)
  cputype = MACH_O_CPU_TYPE_PPC64;
#else
  error_callback(data, "unknown Mach-O architecture", 0);
  goto fail;
#endif

  if (is_64)
    arch_size = sizeof(struct macho_fat_arch_64);
  else
    arch_size = sizeof(struct macho_fat_arch);

  if (!backtrace_get_view(state, descriptor, offset, nfat_arch * arch_size,
                          error_callback, data, &arch_view))
    goto fail;

  for (i = 0; i < nfat_arch; ++i) {
    uint32_t fcputype;
    uint64_t foffset;

    if (is_64) {
      struct macho_fat_arch_64 fat_arch_64;

      memcpy(&fat_arch_64, (const char *)arch_view.data + i * arch_size,
             arch_size);
      fcputype = fat_arch_64.cputype;
      foffset = fat_arch_64.offset;
      if (swapped) {
        fcputype = __builtin_bswap32(fcputype);
        foffset = __builtin_bswap64(foffset);
      }
    } else {
      struct macho_fat_arch fat_arch_32;

      memcpy(&fat_arch_32, (const char *)arch_view.data + i * arch_size,
             arch_size);
      fcputype = fat_arch_32.cputype;
      foffset = (uint64_t)fat_arch_32.offset;
      if (swapped) {
        fcputype = __builtin_bswap32(fcputype);
        foffset = (uint64_t)__builtin_bswap32((uint32_t)foffset);
      }
    }

    if (fcputype == cputype) {
      backtrace_release_view(state, &arch_view, error_callback, data);
      return macho_add(state, filename, descriptor, foffset, match_uuid,
                       base_address, skip_symtab, error_callback, data,
                       fileline_fn, found_sym);
    }
  }

  error_callback(data, "could not find executable in fat file", 0);

fail:
  if (arch_view_valid)
    backtrace_release_view(state, &arch_view, error_callback, data);
  if (descriptor != -1) backtrace_close(descriptor, error_callback, data);
  return 0;
}

static int macho_add_dsym(struct backtrace_state *state, const char *filename,
                          uintptr_t base_address, const unsigned char *uuid,
                          backtrace_error_callback error_callback, void *data,
                          fileline *fileline_fn) {
  const char *p;
  const char *dirname;
  char *diralc;
  size_t dirnamelen;
  const char *basename;
  size_t basenamelen;
  const char *dsymsuffixdir;
  size_t dsymsuffixdirlen;
  size_t dsymlen;
  char *dsym;
  char *ps;
  int d;
  int does_not_exist;
  int dummy_found_sym;

  diralc = NULL;
  dirnamelen = 0;
  dsym = NULL;
  dsymlen = 0;

  p = strrchr(filename, '/');
  if (p == NULL) {
    dirname = ".";
    dirnamelen = 1;
    basename = filename;
    basenamelen = strlen(basename);
    diralc = NULL;
  } else {
    dirnamelen = p - filename;
    diralc = backtrace_alloc(state, dirnamelen + 1, error_callback, data);
    if (diralc == NULL) goto fail;
    memcpy(diralc, filename, dirnamelen);
    diralc[dirnamelen] = '\0';
    dirname = diralc;
    basename = p + 1;
    basenamelen = strlen(basename);
  }

  dsymsuffixdir = ".dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/";
  dsymsuffixdirlen = strlen(dsymsuffixdir);

  dsymlen = (dirnamelen + 1 + basenamelen + dsymsuffixdirlen + basenamelen + 1);
  dsym = backtrace_alloc(state, dsymlen, error_callback, data);
  if (dsym == NULL) goto fail;

  ps = dsym;
  memcpy(ps, dirname, dirnamelen);
  ps += dirnamelen;
  *ps++ = '/';
  memcpy(ps, basename, basenamelen);
  ps += basenamelen;
  memcpy(ps, dsymsuffixdir, dsymsuffixdirlen);
  ps += dsymsuffixdirlen;
  memcpy(ps, basename, basenamelen);
  ps += basenamelen;
  *ps = '\0';

  if (diralc != NULL) {
    backtrace_free(state, diralc, dirnamelen + 1, error_callback, data);
    diralc = NULL;
  }

  d = backtrace_open(dsym, error_callback, data, &does_not_exist);
  if (d < 0) {
    backtrace_free(state, dsym, dsymlen, error_callback, data);
    return 1;
  }

  if (!macho_add(state, dsym, d, 0, uuid, base_address, 1, error_callback, data,
                 fileline_fn, &dummy_found_sym))
    goto fail;

  backtrace_free(state, dsym, dsymlen, error_callback, data);

  return 1;

fail:
  if (dsym != NULL) backtrace_free(state, dsym, dsymlen, error_callback, data);
  if (diralc != NULL)
    backtrace_free(state, diralc, dirnamelen, error_callback, data);
  return 0;
}

static int macho_add(struct backtrace_state *state, const char *filename,
                     int descriptor, off_t offset,
                     const unsigned char *match_uuid, uintptr_t base_address,
                     int skip_symtab, backtrace_error_callback error_callback,
                     void *data, fileline *fileline_fn, int *found_sym) {
  struct backtrace_view header_view;
  struct macho_header_32 header;
  off_t hdroffset;
  int is_64;
  struct backtrace_view cmds_view;
  int cmds_view_valid;
  struct dwarf_sections dwarf_sections;
  int have_dwarf;
  unsigned char uuid[MACH_O_UUID_LEN];
  int have_uuid;
  size_t cmdoffset;
  unsigned int i;

  *found_sym = 0;

  cmds_view_valid = 0;

  if (!backtrace_get_view(state, descriptor, offset,
                          sizeof(struct macho_header_32), error_callback, data,
                          &header_view))
    goto fail;

  memcpy(&header, header_view.data, sizeof header);

  backtrace_release_view(state, &header_view, error_callback, data);

  switch (header.magic) {
    case MACH_O_MH_MAGIC_32:
      is_64 = 0;
      hdroffset = offset + sizeof(struct macho_header_32);
      break;
    case MACH_O_MH_MAGIC_64:
      is_64 = 1;
      hdroffset = offset + sizeof(struct macho_header_64);
      break;
    case MACH_O_MH_MAGIC_FAT:
    case MACH_O_MH_MAGIC_FAT_64: {
      struct macho_header_fat fat_header;

      hdroffset = offset + sizeof(struct macho_header_fat);
      memcpy(&fat_header, &header, sizeof fat_header);
      return macho_add_fat(state, filename, descriptor, 0, hdroffset,
                           match_uuid, base_address, skip_symtab,
                           fat_header.nfat_arch,
                           header.magic == MACH_O_MH_MAGIC_FAT_64,
                           error_callback, data, fileline_fn, found_sym);
    }
    case MACH_O_MH_CIGAM_FAT:
    case MACH_O_MH_CIGAM_FAT_64: {
      struct macho_header_fat fat_header;
      uint32_t nfat_arch;

      hdroffset = offset + sizeof(struct macho_header_fat);
      memcpy(&fat_header, &header, sizeof fat_header);
      nfat_arch = __builtin_bswap32(fat_header.nfat_arch);
      return macho_add_fat(state, filename, descriptor, 1, hdroffset,
                           match_uuid, base_address, skip_symtab, nfat_arch,
                           header.magic == MACH_O_MH_CIGAM_FAT_64,
                           error_callback, data, fileline_fn, found_sym);
    }
    default:
      error_callback(data, "executable file is not in Mach-O format", 0);
      goto fail;
  }

  switch (header.filetype) {
    case MACH_O_MH_EXECUTE:
    case MACH_O_MH_DYLIB:
    case MACH_O_MH_DSYM:
      break;
    default:
      error_callback(data, "executable file is not an executable", 0);
      goto fail;
  }

  if (!backtrace_get_view(state, descriptor, hdroffset, header.sizeofcmds,
                          error_callback, data, &cmds_view))
    goto fail;
  cmds_view_valid = 1;

  memset(&dwarf_sections, 0, sizeof dwarf_sections);
  have_dwarf = 0;
  memset(&uuid, 0, sizeof uuid);
  have_uuid = 0;

  cmdoffset = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < header.ncmds; ++i) {
    const char *pcmd;
    struct macho_load_command load_command;

    if (cmdoffset + sizeof load_command > header.sizeofcmds) break;

    pcmd = (const char *)cmds_view.data + cmdoffset;
    memcpy(&load_command, pcmd, sizeof load_command);

    switch (load_command.cmd) {
      case MACH_O_LC_SEGMENT: {
        struct macho_segment_command segcmd;

        memcpy(&segcmd, pcmd, sizeof segcmd);
        if (memcmp(segcmd.segname, "__DWARF\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0",
                   MACH_O_NAMELEN) == 0) {
          if (!macho_add_dwarf_segment(
                  state, descriptor, offset, load_command.cmd,
                  pcmd + sizeof segcmd, (load_command.cmdsize - sizeof segcmd),
                  segcmd.nsects, error_callback, data, &dwarf_sections))
            goto fail;
          have_dwarf = 1;
        }
      } break;

      case MACH_O_LC_SEGMENT_64: {
        struct macho_segment_64_command segcmd;

        memcpy(&segcmd, pcmd, sizeof segcmd);
        if (memcmp(segcmd.segname, "__DWARF\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0",
                   MACH_O_NAMELEN) == 0) {
          if (!macho_add_dwarf_segment(
                  state, descriptor, offset, load_command.cmd,
                  pcmd + sizeof segcmd, (load_command.cmdsize - sizeof segcmd),
                  segcmd.nsects, error_callback, data, &dwarf_sections))
            goto fail;
          have_dwarf = 1;
        }
      } break;

      case MACH_O_LC_SYMTAB:
        if (!skip_symtab) {
          struct macho_symtab_command symcmd;

          memcpy(&symcmd, pcmd, sizeof symcmd);
          if (!macho_add_symtab(state, descriptor, base_address, is_64,
                                offset + symcmd.symoff, symcmd.nsyms,
                                offset + symcmd.stroff, symcmd.strsize,
                                error_callback, data))
            goto fail;

          *found_sym = 1;
        }
        break;

      case MACH_O_LC_UUID: {
        struct macho_uuid_command uuidcmd;

        memcpy(&uuidcmd, pcmd, sizeof uuidcmd);
        memcpy(&uuid[0], &uuidcmd.uuid[0], MACH_O_UUID_LEN);
        have_uuid = 1;
      } break;

      default:
        break;
    }

    cmdoffset += load_command.cmdsize;
  }

  if (!backtrace_close(descriptor, error_callback, data)) goto fail;
  descriptor = -1;

  backtrace_release_view(state, &cmds_view, error_callback, data);
  cmds_view_valid = 0;

  if (match_uuid != NULL) {
    if (!have_uuid || memcmp(match_uuid, &uuid[0], MACH_O_UUID_LEN) != 0)
      return 1;
  }

  if (have_dwarf) {
    int is_big_endian;

    is_big_endian = 0;
#if defined(__BYTE_ORDER__) && defined(__ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__)
#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
    is_big_endian = 1;
#endif
#endif

    if (!backtrace_dwarf_add(state, base_address, &dwarf_sections,
                             is_big_endian, NULL, error_callback, data,
                             fileline_fn, NULL))
      goto fail;
  }

  if (!have_dwarf && have_uuid) {
    if (!macho_add_dsym(state, filename, base_address, &uuid[0], error_callback,
                        data, fileline_fn))
      goto fail;
  }

  return 1;

fail:
  if (cmds_view_valid)
    backtrace_release_view(state, &cmds_view, error_callback, data);
  if (descriptor != -1) backtrace_close(descriptor, error_callback, data);
  return 0;
}

#ifdef HAVE_MACH_O_DYLD_H

int backtrace_initialize(struct backtrace_state *state, const char *filename,
                         int descriptor,
                         backtrace_error_callback error_callback, void *data,
                         fileline *fileline_fn) {
  uint32_t c;
  uint32_t i;
  int closed_descriptor;
  int found_sym;
  fileline macho_fileline_fn;

  closed_descriptor = 0;
  found_sym = 0;
  macho_fileline_fn = macho_nodebug;

  c = _dyld_image_count();
  for (i = 0; i < c; ++i) {
    uintptr_t base_address;
    const char *name;
    int d;
    fileline mff;
    int mfs;

    name = _dyld_get_image_name(i);
    if (name == NULL) continue;

    if (strcmp(name, filename) == 0 && !closed_descriptor) {
      d = descriptor;
      closed_descriptor = 1;
    } else {
      int does_not_exist;

      d = backtrace_open(name, error_callback, data, &does_not_exist);
      if (d < 0) continue;
    }

    base_address = _dyld_get_image_vmaddr_slide(i);

    mff = macho_nodebug;
    if (!macho_add(state, name, d, 0, NULL, base_address, 0, error_callback,
                   data, &mff, &mfs))
      return 0;

    if (mff != macho_nodebug) macho_fileline_fn = mff;
    if (mfs) found_sym = 1;
  }

  if (!closed_descriptor) backtrace_close(descriptor, error_callback, data);

  if (!state->threaded) {
    if (found_sym)
      state->syminfo_fn = macho_syminfo;
    else if (state->syminfo_fn == NULL)
      state->syminfo_fn = macho_nosyms;
  } else {
    if (found_sym)
      backtrace_atomic_store_pointer(&state->syminfo_fn, macho_syminfo);
    else
      (void)__sync_bool_compare_and_swap(&state->syminfo_fn, NULL,
                                         macho_nosyms);
  }

  if (!state->threaded)
    *fileline_fn = state->fileline_fn;
  else
    *fileline_fn = backtrace_atomic_load_pointer(&state->fileline_fn);

  if (*fileline_fn == NULL || *fileline_fn == macho_nodebug)
    *fileline_fn = macho_fileline_fn;

  return 1;
}

#else

int backtrace_initialize(struct backtrace_state *state, const char *filename,
                         int descriptor,
                         backtrace_error_callback error_callback, void *data,
                         fileline *fileline_fn) {
  fileline macho_fileline_fn;
  int found_sym;

  macho_fileline_fn = macho_nodebug;
  if (!macho_add(state, filename, descriptor, 0, NULL, 0, 0, error_callback,
                 data, &macho_fileline_fn, &found_sym))
    return 0;

  if (!state->threaded) {
    if (found_sym)
      state->syminfo_fn = macho_syminfo;
    else if (state->syminfo_fn == NULL)
      state->syminfo_fn = macho_nosyms;
  } else {
    if (found_sym)
      backtrace_atomic_store_pointer(&state->syminfo_fn, macho_syminfo);
    else
      (void)__sync_bool_compare_and_swap(&state->syminfo_fn, NULL,
                                         macho_nosyms);
  }

  if (!state->threaded)
    *fileline_fn = state->fileline_fn;
  else
    *fileline_fn = backtrace_atomic_load_pointer(&state->fileline_fn);

  if (*fileline_fn == NULL || *fileline_fn == macho_nodebug)
    *fileline_fn = macho_fileline_fn;

  return 1;
}

#endif

// mmapio.c:
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#ifndef HAVE_DECL_GETPAGESIZE
extern int getpagesize(void);
#endif

#ifndef MAP_FAILED
#define MAP_FAILED ((void *)-1)
#endif

int backtrace_get_view(struct backtrace_state *state ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                       int descriptor, off_t offset, uint64_t size,
                       backtrace_error_callback error_callback, void *data,
                       struct backtrace_view *view) {
  size_t pagesize;
  unsigned int inpage;
  off_t pageoff;
  void *map;

  if ((uint64_t)(size_t)size != size) {
    error_callback(data, "file size too large", 0);
    return 0;
  }

  pagesize = getpagesize();
  inpage = offset % pagesize;
  pageoff = offset - inpage;

  size += inpage;
  size = (size + (pagesize - 1)) & ~(pagesize - 1);

  map = mmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, descriptor, pageoff);
  if (map == MAP_FAILED) {
    error_callback(data, "mmap", errno);
    return 0;
  }

  view->data = (char *)map + inpage;
  view->base = map;
  view->len = size;

  return 1;
}

void backtrace_release_view(struct backtrace_state *state ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                            struct backtrace_view *view,
                            backtrace_error_callback error_callback,
                            void *data) {
  union {
    const void *cv;
    void *v;
  } const_cast;

  const_cast.cv = view->base;
  if (munmap(const_cast.v, view->len) < 0)
    error_callback(data, "munmap", errno);
}

// mmap.c:
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#ifndef HAVE_DECL_GETPAGESIZE
extern int getpagesize(void);
#endif

#ifndef MAP_ANONYMOUS
#define MAP_ANONYMOUS MAP_ANON
#endif

#ifndef MAP_FAILED
#define MAP_FAILED ((void *)-1)
#endif

struct backtrace_freelist_struct {
  struct backtrace_freelist_struct *next;

  size_t size;
};

static void backtrace_free_locked(struct backtrace_state *state, void *addr,
                                  size_t size) {
  if (size >= sizeof(struct backtrace_freelist_struct)) {
    size_t c;
    struct backtrace_freelist_struct **ppsmall;
    struct backtrace_freelist_struct **pp;
    struct backtrace_freelist_struct *p;

    c = 0;
    ppsmall = NULL;
    for (pp = &state->freelist; *pp != NULL; pp = &(*pp)->next) {
      if (ppsmall == NULL || (*pp)->size < (*ppsmall)->size) ppsmall = pp;
      ++c;
    }
    if (c >= 16) {
      if (size <= (*ppsmall)->size) return;
      *ppsmall = (*ppsmall)->next;
    }

    p = (struct backtrace_freelist_struct *)addr;
    p->next = state->freelist;
    p->size = size;
    state->freelist = p;
  }
}

void *backtrace_alloc(struct backtrace_state *state, size_t size,
                      backtrace_error_callback error_callback, void *data) {
  void *ret;
  int locked;
  struct backtrace_freelist_struct **pp;
  size_t pagesize;
  size_t asksize;
  void *page;

  ret = NULL;

  if (!state->threaded)
    locked = 1;
  else
    locked = __sync_lock_test_and_set(&state->lock_alloc, 1) == 0;

  if (locked) {
    for (pp = &state->freelist; *pp != NULL; pp = &(*pp)->next) {
      if ((*pp)->size >= size) {
        struct backtrace_freelist_struct *p;

        p = *pp;
        *pp = p->next;

        size = (size + 7) & ~(size_t)7;
        if (size < p->size)
          backtrace_free_locked(state, (char *)p + size, p->size - size);

        ret = (void *)p;

        break;
      }
    }

    if (state->threaded) __sync_lock_release(&state->lock_alloc);
  }

  if (ret == NULL) {
    pagesize = getpagesize();
    asksize = (size + pagesize - 1) & ~(pagesize - 1);
    page = mmap(NULL, asksize, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
                MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
    if (page == MAP_FAILED) {
      if (error_callback) error_callback(data, "mmap", errno);
    } else {
      size = (size + 7) & ~(size_t)7;
      if (size < asksize)
        backtrace_free(state, (char *)page + size, asksize - size,
                       error_callback, data);

      ret = page;
    }
  }

  return ret;
}

void backtrace_free(struct backtrace_state *state, void *addr, size_t size,
                    backtrace_error_callback error_callback ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                    void *data ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED) {
  int locked;

  if (size >= 16 * 4096) {
    size_t pagesize;

    pagesize = getpagesize();
    if (((uintptr_t)addr & (pagesize - 1)) == 0 &&
        (size & (pagesize - 1)) == 0) {
      if (munmap(addr, size) == 0) return;
    }
  }

  if (!state->threaded)
    locked = 1;
  else
    locked = __sync_lock_test_and_set(&state->lock_alloc, 1) == 0;

  if (locked) {
    backtrace_free_locked(state, addr, size);

    if (state->threaded) __sync_lock_release(&state->lock_alloc);
  }
}

void *backtrace_vector_grow(struct backtrace_state *state, size_t size,
                            backtrace_error_callback error_callback, void *data,
                            struct backtrace_vector *vec) {
  void *ret;

  if (size > vec->alc) {
    size_t pagesize;
    size_t alc;
    void *base;

    pagesize = getpagesize();
    alc = vec->size + size;
    if (vec->size == 0)
      alc = 16 * size;
    else if (alc < pagesize) {
      alc *= 2;
      if (alc > pagesize) alc = pagesize;
    } else {
      alc *= 2;
      alc = (alc + pagesize - 1) & ~(pagesize - 1);
    }
    base = backtrace_alloc(state, alc, error_callback, data);
    if (base == NULL) return NULL;
    if (vec->base != NULL) {
      memcpy(base, vec->base, vec->size);
      backtrace_free(state, vec->base, vec->size + vec->alc, error_callback,
                     data);
    }
    vec->base = base;
    vec->alc = alc - vec->size;
  }

  ret = (char *)vec->base + vec->size;
  vec->size += size;
  vec->alc -= size;
  return ret;
}

void *backtrace_vector_finish(struct backtrace_state *state ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                              struct backtrace_vector *vec,
                              backtrace_error_callback error_callback
                                  ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                              void *data ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED) {
  void *ret;

  ret = vec->base;
  vec->base = (char *)vec->base + vec->size;
  vec->size = 0;
  return ret;
}

int backtrace_vector_release(struct backtrace_state *state,
                             struct backtrace_vector *vec,
                             backtrace_error_callback error_callback,
                             void *data) {
  size_t size;
  size_t alc;
  size_t aligned;

  size = vec->size;
  alc = vec->alc;
  aligned = (size + 7) & ~(size_t)7;
  alc -= aligned - size;

  backtrace_free(state, (char *)vec->base + aligned, alc, error_callback, data);
  vec->alc = 0;
  if (vec->size == 0) vec->base = NULL;
  return 1;
}