v/vlib/compiler/scanner.v

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// Copyright (c) 2019 Alexander Medvednikov. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT license
// that can be found in the LICENSE file.
module compiler
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import (
os
strings
)
const (
single_quote = `\'`
double_quote = `"`
error_context_before = 2 // how many lines of source context to print before the pointer line
error_context_after = 2 // ^^^ same, but after
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)
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struct Scanner {
mut:
file_path string
text string
pos int
line_nr int
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last_nl_pos int // for calculating column
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inside_string bool
inter_start bool // for hacky string interpolation TODO simplify
inter_end bool
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debug bool
line_comment string
started bool
// vfmt fields
fmt_out strings.Builder
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fmt_indent int
fmt_line_empty bool
prev_tok TokenKind
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fn_name string // needed for @FN
should_print_line_on_error bool
should_print_errors_in_color bool
should_print_relative_paths_on_error bool
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quote byte // which quote is used to denote current string: ' or "
line_ends []int // the positions of source lines ends (i.e. \n signs)
nlines int // total number of lines in the source file that were scanned
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is_vh bool // Keep newlines
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is_fmt bool // Used only for skipping ${} in strings, since we need literal
// string values when generating formatted code.
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}
// new scanner from file.
fn new_scanner_file(file_path string) &Scanner {
if !os.exists(file_path) {
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verror("$file_path doesn't exist")
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}
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mut raw_text := os.read_file(file_path) or {
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verror('scanner: failed to open $file_path')
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return 0
}
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// BOM check
if raw_text.len >= 3 {
c_text := raw_text.str
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if c_text[0] == 0xEF && c_text[1] == 0xBB && c_text[2] == 0xBF {
// skip three BOM bytes
offset_from_begin := 3
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raw_text = tos(c_text[offset_from_begin], vstrlen(c_text) - offset_from_begin)
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}
}
mut s := new_scanner(raw_text)
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s.init_fmt()
s.file_path = file_path
return s
}
// new scanner from string.
fn new_scanner(text string) &Scanner {
return &Scanner {
text: text
fmt_out: strings.new_builder(1000)
should_print_line_on_error: true
should_print_errors_in_color: true
should_print_relative_paths_on_error: true
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}
}
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// TODO remove once multiple return values are implemented
struct ScanRes {
tok TokenKind
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lit string
}
fn scan_res(tok TokenKind, lit string) ScanRes {
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return ScanRes{tok, lit}
}
fn (s mut Scanner) ident_name() string {
start := s.pos
for {
s.pos++
if s.pos >= s.text.len {
break
}
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c := s.text[s.pos]
if !is_name_char(c) && !c.is_digit() {
break
}
}
name := s.text[start..s.pos]
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s.pos--
return name
}
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fn (s mut Scanner) ident_hex_number() string {
start_pos := s.pos
s.pos += 2 // skip '0x'
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for {
if s.pos >= s.text.len {
break
}
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c := s.text[s.pos]
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if !c.is_hex_digit() {
break
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}
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s.pos++
}
number := s.text[start_pos..s.pos]
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s.pos--
return number
}
fn (s mut Scanner) ident_oct_number() string {
start_pos := s.pos
for {
if s.pos >= s.text.len {
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break
}
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c := s.text[s.pos]
if c.is_digit() {
if !c.is_oct_digit() {
s.error('malformed octal constant')
}
} else {
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break
}
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s.pos++
}
number := s.text[start_pos..s.pos]
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s.pos--
return number
}
fn (s mut Scanner) ident_dec_number() string {
start_pos := s.pos
// scan integer part
for s.pos < s.text.len && s.text[s.pos].is_digit() {
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s.pos++
}
// e.g. 1..9
// we just return '1' and don't scan '..9'
if s.expect('..', s.pos) {
number := s.text[start_pos..s.pos]
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s.pos--
return number
}
// scan fractional part
if s.pos < s.text.len && s.text[s.pos] == `.` {
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s.pos++
for s.pos < s.text.len && s.text[s.pos].is_digit() {
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s.pos++
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}
if !s.inside_string && s.pos < s.text.len && s.text[s.pos] == `f` {
s.error('no `f` is needed for floats')
}
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}
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// scan exponential part
mut has_exponential_part := false
if s.expect('e+', s.pos) || s.expect('e-', s.pos) {
exp_start_pos := s.pos += 2
for s.pos < s.text.len && s.text[s.pos].is_digit() {
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s.pos++
}
if exp_start_pos == s.pos {
s.error('exponent has no digits')
}
has_exponential_part = true
}
// error check: 1.23.4, 123.e+3.4
if s.pos < s.text.len && s.text[s.pos] == `.` {
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if has_exponential_part {
s.error('exponential part should be integer')
}
else {
s.error('too many decimal points in number')
}
}
number := s.text[start_pos..s.pos]
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s.pos--
return number
}
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fn (s mut Scanner) ident_number() string {
if s.expect('0x', s.pos) {
return s.ident_hex_number()
}
if s.expect('0.', s.pos) || s.expect('0e', s.pos) {
return s.ident_dec_number()
}
if s.text[s.pos] == `0` {
return s.ident_oct_number()
}
return s.ident_dec_number()
}
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fn (s mut Scanner) skip_whitespace() {
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//if s.is_vh { println('vh') return }
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for s.pos < s.text.len && s.text[s.pos].is_white() {
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if is_nl(s.text[s.pos]) && s.is_vh {
return
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}
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// Count \r\n as one line
if is_nl(s.text[s.pos]) && !s.expect('\r\n', s.pos-1) {
s.inc_line_number()
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}
s.pos++
}
}
fn (s mut Scanner) end_of_file() ScanRes {
s.pos = s.text.len
s.inc_line_number()
return scan_res(.eof, '')
}
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fn (s mut Scanner) scan() ScanRes {
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//if s.line_comment != '' {
//s.fgenln('// LC "$s.line_comment"')
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//s.line_comment = ''
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//}
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if s.started {
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s.pos++
}
s.started = true
if s.pos >= s.text.len {
return s.end_of_file()
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}
if !s.inside_string {
s.skip_whitespace()
}
// End of $var, start next string
if s.inter_end {
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if s.text[s.pos] == s.quote {
s.inter_end = false
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return scan_res(.str, '')
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}
s.inter_end = false
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return scan_res(.str, s.ident_string())
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}
s.skip_whitespace()
// end of file
if s.pos >= s.text.len {
return s.end_of_file()
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}
// handle each char
c := s.text[s.pos]
mut nextc := `\0`
if s.pos + 1 < s.text.len {
nextc = s.text[s.pos + 1]
}
// name or keyword
if is_name_char(c) {
name := s.ident_name()
// tmp hack to detect . in ${}
// Check if not .eof to prevent panic
next_char := if s.pos + 1 < s.text.len { s.text[s.pos + 1] } else { `\0` }
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if is_key(name) {
return scan_res(key_to_token(name), '')
}
// 'asdf $b' => "b" is the last name in the string, dont start parsing string
// at the next ', skip it
if s.inside_string {
if next_char == s.quote {
s.inter_end = true
s.inter_start = false
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s.inside_string = false
}
}
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// end of `$expr`
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// allow `'$a.b'` and `'$a.c()'`
if s.inter_start && next_char != `.` && next_char != `(` {
s.inter_end = true
s.inter_start = false
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}
if s.pos == 0 && next_char == ` ` {
//If a single letter name at the start of the file, increment
//Otherwise the scanner would be stuck at s.pos = 0
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s.pos++
}
return scan_res(.name, name)
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}
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// `123`, `.123`
else if c.is_digit() || (c == `.` && nextc.is_digit()) {
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num := s.ident_number()
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return scan_res(.number, num)
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}
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// Handle `'$fn()'`
if c == `)` && s.inter_start {
s.inter_end = true
s.inter_start = false
next_char := if s.pos + 1 < s.text.len { s.text[s.pos + 1] } else { `\0` }
if next_char == s.quote {
s.inside_string = false
}
return scan_res(.rpar, '')
}
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// all other tokens
match c {
`+` {
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if nextc == `+` {
s.pos++
return scan_res(.inc, '')
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}
else if nextc == `=` {
s.pos++
return scan_res(.plus_assign, '')
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}
return scan_res(.plus, '')
}
`-` {
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if nextc == `-` {
s.pos++
return scan_res(.dec, '')
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}
else if nextc == `=` {
s.pos++
return scan_res(.minus_assign, '')
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}
return scan_res(.minus, '')
}
`*` {
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if nextc == `=` {
s.pos++
return scan_res(.mult_assign, '')
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}
return scan_res(.mul, '')
}
`^` {
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if nextc == `=` {
s.pos++
return scan_res(.xor_assign, '')
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}
return scan_res(.xor, '')
}
`%` {
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if nextc == `=` {
s.pos++
return scan_res(.mod_assign, '')
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}
return scan_res(.mod, '')
}
`?` {
return scan_res(.question, '')
}
single_quote, double_quote {
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return scan_res(.str, s.ident_string())
}
`\`` { // ` // apostrophe balance comment. do not remove
return scan_res(.chartoken, s.ident_char())
}
`(` {
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return scan_res(.lpar, '')
}
`)` {
return scan_res(.rpar, '')
}
`[` {
return scan_res(.lsbr, '')
}
`]` {
return scan_res(.rsbr, '')
}
`{` {
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// Skip { in `${` in strings
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if s.inside_string {
return s.scan()
}
return scan_res(.lcbr, '')
}
`$` {
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if s.inside_string {
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return scan_res(.str_dollar, '')
} else {
return scan_res(.dollar, '')
}
}
`}` {
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// s = `hello $name !`
// s = `hello ${name} !`
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if s.inside_string {
s.pos++
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if s.text[s.pos] == s.quote {
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s.inside_string = false
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return scan_res(.str, '')
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}
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return scan_res(.str, s.ident_string())
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}
else {
return scan_res(.rcbr, '')
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}
}
`&` {
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if nextc == `=` {
s.pos++
return scan_res(.and_assign, '')
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}
if nextc == `&` {
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s.pos++
return scan_res(.and, '')
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}
return scan_res(.amp, '')
}
`|` {
if nextc == `|` {
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s.pos++
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return scan_res(.logical_or, '')
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}
if nextc == `=` {
s.pos++
return scan_res(.or_assign, '')
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}
return scan_res(.pipe, '')
}
`,` {
return scan_res(.comma, '')
}
`@` {
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s.pos++
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name := s.ident_name()
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// @FN => will be substituted with the name of the current V function
// @FILE => will be substituted with the path of the V source file
// @LINE => will be substituted with the V line number where it appears (as a string).
// @COLUMN => will be substituted with the column where it appears (as a string).
// @VHASH => will be substituted with the shortened commit hash of the V compiler (as a string).
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// This allows things like this:
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// println( 'file: ' + @FILE + ' | line: ' + @LINE + ' | fn: ' + @FN)
// ... which is useful while debugging/tracing
if name == 'FN' { return scan_res(.str, s.fn_name) }
if name == 'FILE' { return scan_res(.str, cescaped_path(os.realpath(s.file_path))) }
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if name == 'LINE' { return scan_res(.str, (s.line_nr+1).str()) }
if name == 'COLUMN' { return scan_res(.str, (s.current_column()).str()) }
if name == 'VHASH' { return scan_res(.str, vhash()) }
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if !is_key(name) {
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s.error('@ must be used before keywords (e.g. `@type string`)')
}
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return scan_res(.name, name)
}
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/*
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case `\r`:
if nextc == `\n` {
s.pos++
s.last_nl_pos = s.pos
return scan_res(.nl, '')
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}
}
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case `\n`:
s.last_nl_pos = s.pos
return scan_res(.nl, '')
}
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*/
`.` {
if nextc == `.` {
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s.pos++
if s.text[s.pos+1] == `.` {
s.pos++
return scan_res(.ellipsis, '')
}
return scan_res(.dotdot, '')
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}
return scan_res(.dot, '')
}
`#` {
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start := s.pos + 1
s.ignore_line()
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if nextc == `!` {
// treat shebang line (#!) as a comment
s.line_comment = s.text[start + 1..s.pos].trim_space()
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//s.fgenln('// shebang line "$s.line_comment"')
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return s.scan()
}
hash := s.text[start..s.pos]
return scan_res(.hash, hash.trim_space())
}
`>` {
if nextc == `=` {
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s.pos++
return scan_res(.ge, '')
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}
else if nextc == `>` {
if s.pos + 2 < s.text.len && s.text[s.pos + 2] == `=` {
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s.pos += 2
return scan_res(.righ_shift_assign, '')
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}
s.pos++
return scan_res(.righ_shift, '')
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}
else {
return scan_res(.gt, '')
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}
}
0xE2 {
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//case `≠`:
if nextc == 0x89 && s.text[s.pos + 2] == 0xA0 {
s.pos += 2
return scan_res(.ne, '')
}
// ⩽
else if nextc == 0x89 && s.text[s.pos + 2] == 0xBD {
s.pos += 2
return scan_res(.le, '')
}
// ⩾
else if nextc == 0xA9 && s.text[s.pos + 2] == 0xBE {
s.pos += 2
return scan_res(.ge, '')
}
}
`<` {
if nextc == `=` {
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s.pos++
return scan_res(.le, '')
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}
else if nextc == `<` {
if s.pos + 2 < s.text.len && s.text[s.pos + 2] == `=` {
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s.pos += 2
return scan_res(.left_shift_assign, '')
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}
s.pos++
return scan_res(.left_shift, '')
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}
else {
return scan_res(.lt, '')
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}
}
`=` {
if nextc == `=` {
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s.pos++
return scan_res(.eq, '')
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}
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else if nextc == `>` {
s.pos++
return scan_res(.arrow, '')
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}
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else {
return scan_res(.assign, '')
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}
}
`:` {
if nextc == `=` {
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s.pos++
return scan_res(.decl_assign, '')
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}
else {
return scan_res(.colon, '')
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}
}
`;` {
return scan_res(.semicolon, '')
}
`!` {
if nextc == `=` {
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s.pos++
return scan_res(.ne, '')
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}
else {
return scan_res(.not, '')
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}
}
`~` {
return scan_res(.bit_not, '')
}
`/` {
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if nextc == `=` {
s.pos++
return scan_res(.div_assign, '')
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}
if nextc == `/` {
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start := s.pos + 1
s.ignore_line()
s.line_comment = s.text[start + 1..s.pos]
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s.line_comment = s.line_comment.trim_space()
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if s.is_fmt {
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s.pos-- // fix line_nr, \n was read, and the comment is marked on the next line
s.line_nr--
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return scan_res(.line_comment, s.line_comment)
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}
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//s.fgenln('// ${s.prev_tok.str()} "$s.line_comment"')
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// Skip the comment (return the next token)
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return s.scan()
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}
// Multiline comments
if nextc == `*` {
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start := s.pos
mut nest_count := 1
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// Skip comment
for nest_count > 0 {
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s.pos++
if s.pos >= s.text.len {
s.line_nr--
s.error('comment not terminated')
}
if s.text[s.pos] == `\n` {
s.inc_line_number()
continue
}
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if s.expect('/*', s.pos) {
nest_count++
continue
}
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if s.expect('*/', s.pos) {
nest_count--
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}
}
s.pos++
end := s.pos + 1
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comment := s.text[start..end]
if s.is_fmt {
s.line_comment = comment
return scan_res(.mline_comment, s.line_comment)
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}
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// Skip if not in fmt mode
return s.scan()
}
return scan_res(.div, '')
}
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else { }
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}
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$if windows {
if c == `\0` {
return s.end_of_file()
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}
}
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s.error('invalid character `${c.str()}`')
return s.end_of_file()
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}
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fn (s &Scanner) current_column() int {
return s.pos - s.last_nl_pos
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}
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fn (s Scanner) count_symbol_before(p int, sym byte) int {
mut count := 0
for i:=p; i>=0; i-- {
if s.text[i] != sym {
break
}
count++
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}
return count
}
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fn (s mut Scanner) ident_string() string {
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q := s.text[s.pos]
is_quote := q == single_quote || q == double_quote
is_raw := is_quote && s.text[s.pos-1] == `r`
if is_quote && !s.inside_string {
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s.quote = q
}
//if s.file_path.contains('string_test') {
//println('\nident_string() at char=${s.text[s.pos].str()}')
//println('linenr=$s.line_nr quote= $qquote ${qquote.str()}')
//}
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mut start := s.pos
s.inside_string = false
slash := `\\`
for {
s.pos++
if s.pos >= s.text.len {
break
}
c := s.text[s.pos]
prevc := s.text[s.pos - 1]
// end of string
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if c == s.quote && (prevc != slash || (prevc == slash && s.text[s.pos - 2] == slash)) {
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// handle '123\\' slash at the end
break
}
if c == `\n` {
s.inc_line_number()
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}
// Don't allow \0
if c == `0` && s.pos > 2 && s.text[s.pos - 1] == slash {
if s.pos < s.text.len - 1 && s.text[s.pos+1].is_digit() {
} else {
s.error('0 character in a string literal')
}
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}
// Don't allow \x00
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if c == `0` && s.pos > 5 && s.expect('\\x0', s.pos - 3) {
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s.error('0 character in a string literal')
}
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// ${var} (ignore in vfmt mode)
if c == `{` && prevc == `$` && !is_raw && !s.is_fmt &&
s.count_symbol_before(s.pos-2, slash) % 2 == 0
{
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s.inside_string = true
// so that s.pos points to $ at the next step
s.pos -= 2
break
}
// $var
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if (c.is_letter() || c == `_`) && prevc == `$` && !s.is_fmt &&
!is_raw && s.count_symbol_before(s.pos-2, slash) % 2 == 0
{
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s.inside_string = true
s.inter_start = true
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s.pos -= 2
break
}
}
mut lit := ''
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if s.text[start] == s.quote {
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start++
}
mut end := s.pos
if s.inside_string {
end++
}
if start > s.pos{}
else {
lit = s.text[start..end]
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}
return lit
}
fn (s mut Scanner) ident_char() string {
start := s.pos
slash := `\\`
mut len := 0
for {
s.pos++
if s.pos >= s.text.len {
break
}
if s.text[s.pos] != slash {
len++
}
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double_slash := s.expect('\\\\', s.pos - 2)
if s.text[s.pos] == `\`` && (s.text[s.pos - 1] != slash || double_slash) { // ` // apostrophe balance comment. do not remove
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if double_slash {
len++
}
break
}
}
len--
c := s.text[start + 1..s.pos]
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if len != 1 {
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u := c.ustring()
if u.len != 1 {
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s.error('invalid character literal (more than one character)\n' +
'use quotes for strings, backticks for characters')
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}
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}
if c == '\\`' {
return '`'
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}
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// Escapes a `'` character
return if c == '\'' { '\\' + c } else { c }
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}
fn (s &Scanner) expect(want string, start_pos int) bool {
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end_pos := start_pos + want.len
if start_pos < 0 || start_pos >= s.text.len {
return false
}
if end_pos < 0 || end_pos > s.text.len {
return false
}
for pos in start_pos..end_pos {
if s.text[pos] != want[pos-start_pos] {
return false
}
}
return true
}
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fn (s mut Scanner) debug_tokens() {
s.pos = 0
s.started = false
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s.debug = true
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fname := s.file_path.all_after(os.path_separator)
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println('\n===DEBUG TOKENS $fname===')
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for {
res := s.scan()
tok := res.tok
lit := res.lit
print(tok.str())
if lit != '' {
println(' `$lit`')
}
else {
println('')
}
if tok == .eof {
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println('============ END OF DEBUG TOKENS ==================')
break
}
}
}
fn (s mut Scanner) ignore_line() {
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s.eat_to_end_of_line()
s.inc_line_number()
}
fn (s mut Scanner) eat_to_end_of_line(){
for s.pos < s.text.len && s.text[s.pos] != `\n` {
s.pos++
}
}
fn (s mut Scanner) inc_line_number() {
s.last_nl_pos = s.pos
s.line_nr++
s.line_ends << s.pos
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if s.line_nr > s.nlines {
s.nlines = s.line_nr
}
}
fn (s Scanner) line(n int) string {
mut res := ''
if n >= 0 &&
n < s.line_ends.len {
nline_start := if n == 0 { 0 } else { s.line_ends[ n - 1 ] }
nline_end := s.line_ends[n]
if nline_start <= nline_end {
res = s.text[nline_start..nline_end]
}
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}
return res.trim_right('\r\n').trim_left('\r\n')
}
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fn is_name_char(c byte) bool {
return c.is_letter() || c == `_`
}
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[inline]
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fn is_nl(c byte) bool {
return c == `\r` || c == `\n`
}
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fn contains_capital(s string) bool {
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for c in s {
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if c >= `A` && c <= `Z` {
return true
}
}
return false
}
// HTTPRequest bad
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// HttpRequest good
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fn good_type_name(s string) bool {
if s.len < 4 {
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return true
}
for i in 2 .. s.len {
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if s[i].is_capital() && s[i-1].is_capital() && s[i-2].is_capital() {
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return false
}
}
return true
}
// registration_date good
// registrationdate bad
fn (s &Scanner) validate_var_name(name string) {
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if name.len > 15 && !name.contains('_') {
s.error('bad variable name `$name`\n' +
'looks like you have a multi-word name without separating them with `_`' +
'\nfor example, use `registration_date` instead of `registrationdate` ')
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}
}