parser: support custom fixed size ArrayInit: `[3]int{init: -1}` (#6114)

vlib/v/ast/ast.v

@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ pub struct ArrayInit {
 pub:
 	pos             token.Position
 	elem_type_pos   token.Position
-	exprs           []Expr
+	exprs           []Expr // `[expr, expr]` or `[expr]Type{}` for fixed array
 	is_fixed        bool
 	has_val         bool // fixed size literal `[expr, expr]!!`
 	mod             string

vlib/v/fmt/fmt.v

@@ -1734,6 +1734,11 @@ pub fn (mut f Fmt) array_init(it ast.ArrayInit) {
 	// `[100]byte`
 	if it.is_fixed {
 		f.write(f.type_to_str(it.elem_type))
+		if it.has_default {
+			f.write('{init: $it.default_expr}')
+		} else {
+			f.write('{}')
+		}
 	}
 }
 

vlib/v/fmt/tests/array_newlines_keep.vv

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ fn main() {
 	]
 	x := []int{len: 10, cap: 100, init: 1}
 	_ := expected_flags
-	buf := [100]byte
+	buf := [100]byte{}
 	println(x)
 	println(buf)
 }

vlib/v/gen/cgen.v

@@ -1499,7 +1499,20 @@ fn (mut g Gen) gen_assign_stmt(assign_stmt ast.AssignStmt) {
 			if !cloned {
 				if is_decl {
 					if is_fixed_array_init && !has_val {
-						g.write('{0}')
+						if val is ast.ArrayInit {
+							if val.has_default {
+								g.write('{$val.default_expr')
+								info := right_sym.info as table.ArrayFixed
+								for _ in 1 .. info.size {
+									g.write(', $val.default_expr')
+								}
+								g.write('}')
+							} else {
+								g.write('{0}')
+							}
+						} else {
+							g.write('{0}')
+						}
 					} else {
 						g.expr(val)
 					}
@@ -2152,8 +2165,8 @@ fn (mut g Gen) infix_expr(node ast.InfixExpr) {
 		g.write(')')
 	} else if node.op in [.eq, .ne] &&
 		left_sym.kind == .array_fixed && right_sym.kind == .array_fixed {
-		af := left_sym.info as table.ArrayFixed
-		et := af.elem_type
+		info := left_sym.info as table.ArrayFixed
+		et := info.elem_type
 		if !et.is_ptr() && !et.is_pointer() && !et.is_number() && et.idx() !in [table.bool_type_idx, table.char_type_idx] {
 			verror('`==` on fixed array only supported with POD element types ATM')
 		}

vlib/v/parser/containers.v

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ fn (mut p Parser) array_init() ast.ArrayInit {
 	mut is_fixed := false
 	mut has_val := false
 	mut has_type := false
+	mut has_default := false
+	mut default_expr := ast.Expr{}
 	if p.tok.kind == .rsbr {
 		// []typ => `[]` and `typ` must be on the same line
 		line_nr := p.tok.line_nr
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ fn (mut p Parser) array_init() ast.ArrayInit {
 			elem_type_pos = p.tok.position()
 			elem_type = p.parse_type()
 			sym := p.table.get_type_symbol(elem_type)
-			// this is set here becasue its a known type, others could be the
+			// this is set here because it's a known type, others could be the
 			// result of expr so we do those in checker
 			idx := p.table.find_or_register_array(elem_type, 1, sym.mod)
 			array_type = table.new_type(idx)
@@ -55,6 +57,24 @@ fn (mut p Parser) array_init() ast.ArrayInit {
 			// [100]byte
 			elem_type = p.parse_type()
 			is_fixed = true
+			if p.tok.kind == .lcbr {
+				p.next()
+				if p.tok.kind != .rcbr {
+					pos := p.tok.position()
+					n := p.check_name()
+					if n != 'init' {
+						p.error_with_pos('expected `init:`, not `$n`', pos)
+					}
+					p.check(.colon)
+					has_default = true
+					default_expr = p.expr(0)
+				}
+				last_pos = p.tok.position()
+				p.check(.rcbr)
+			}
+			else {
+				// p.warn_with_pos('use e.g. `x := [1]Type{}` instead of `x := [1]Type`', last_pos)
+			}
 		} else {
 			if p.tok.kind == .not {
 				last_pos = p.tok.position()
@@ -73,10 +93,8 @@ fn (mut p Parser) array_init() ast.ArrayInit {
 	}
 	mut has_len := false
 	mut has_cap := false
-	mut has_default := false
 	mut len_expr := ast.Expr{}
 	mut cap_expr := ast.Expr{}
-	mut default_expr := ast.Expr{}
 	if p.tok.kind == .lcbr && exprs.len == 0 {
 		// `[]int{ len: 10, cap: 100}` syntax
 		p.next()

vlib/v/tests/fixed_array_init_test.v

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-fn test_fixed_array_init() {
+fn test_fixed_array_lit_init() {
 	a1 := ['1', '2', '3']!!
 	assert typeof(a1) == '[3]string'
 	assert '$a1' == "['1', '2', '3']"
@@ -37,7 +37,20 @@ fn test_fixed_type_init() {
 	assert a == [2]int
 	assert a == [0,0]!!
 	assert a == a
-	c := [3,3]!!
+	mut c := [3,3]!!
 	assert a != c
 	assert c == [3,3]!!
+	c = [2]int
+	assert a == c
+}
+
+fn test_fixed_custom_init() {
+	a := [2]byte{init: 7}
+	assert a == [byte(7), 7]!!
+
+	mut b := [3]int{}
+	assert b == [0,0,0]!!
+	// assign
+	b = [3]int{init:5}
+	assert b == [5,5,5]!!
 }

vlib/v/tests/fixed_array_test.v

@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 fn test_fixed_array_can_be_assigned() {
 	x := 2.32
-	mut v := [8]f64
+	mut v := [8]f64{}
 	assert v[1] == 0
 	v = [1.0, x, 3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0,8.0]!!
 	assert v[1] == x
-	v = [8]f64
+	v = [8]f64{}
 	assert v[1] == 0
 	// test slicing
 	for e in v[0..8] {
 		assert e == 0
 	}
+	v = [8]f64{init: 3.0}
+	assert v[1] == 3.0
 }
 
 fn test_fixed_array_can_be_used_in_declaration() {