all: gc: provide optimized mode (#9716)

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -124,27 +124,27 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           thirdparty/tcc/tcc.exe -version
           ./v -cg -o v cmd/v # Make sure vtcc can build itself twice
-      - name: v self compilation with -gc boehm
+      - name: v self compilation with -gc boehm_full_opt
         run: |
-          ./v -gc boehm -o v2 cmd/v && ./v2 -gc boehm -o v3 cmd/v && ./v3 -gc boehm -o v4 cmd/v
+          ./v -gc boehm_full_opt -o v2 cmd/v && ./v2 -gc boehm_full_opt -o v3 cmd/v && ./v3 -gc boehm_full_opt -o v4 cmd/v
           mv v4 v
       - name: v doctor
         run: |
           ./v doctor
-      - name: Verify `v -gc boehm test` works
+      - name: Verify `v -gc boehm_full_opt test` works
         run: |
-          ./v -gc boehm cmd/tools/test_if_v_test_system_works.v
+          ./v -gc boehm_full_opt cmd/tools/test_if_v_test_system_works.v
           ./cmd/tools/test_if_v_test_system_works
-      - name: Self tests with `-gc boehm` with V compiler using Boehm-GC itself
+      - name: Self tests with `-gc boehm_full_opt` with V compiler using Boehm-GC itself
-        run: ./v -gc boehm -silent test-self
+        run: ./v -gc boehm_full_opt -silent test-self
       - name: Test leak detector
         run: |
           ./v -gc boehm_leak -o testcase_leak vlib/v/tests/testcase_leak.v
           ./testcase_leak 2>leaks.txt
           grep "Found 1 leaked object" leaks.txt && grep ", sz=1000," leaks.txt
-      - name: Test leak detector not being active for `-gc boehm`
+      - name: Test leak detector not being active for `-gc boehm_full_opt`
         run: |
-          ./v -gc boehm -o testcase_leak vlib/v/tests/testcase_leak.v
+          ./v -gc boehm_full_opt -o testcase_leak vlib/v/tests/testcase_leak.v
           ./testcase_leak 2>leaks.txt
           [ "$(stat -c %s leaks.txt)" = "0" ]
       - name: Test leak detector not being active for normal compile

cmd/v/help/build-c.txt

@@ -74,10 +74,12 @@ see also `v help build`.
       Use and link an optional garbage collector. Only tThe Boehm–Demers–Weiser
       garbage collector is supported currently with the following sub-options:
 
-      `-gc boehm` ........ selects the default mode for the architecture
+      `-gc boehm` ........... selects the default mode for the architecture
-      `-gc boehm_full` ... full garbage collection mode
+      `-gc boehm_full` ...... full garbage collection mode
-      `-gc boehm_incr` ... incremental/generational garbage collection mode
+      `-gc boehm_incr` ...... incremental/generational garbage collection mode
-      `-gc boehm_leak` ... leak detection mode
+      `-gc boehm_full_opt` .. optimized full garbage collection mode
+      `-gc boehm_incr_opt` .. optimized incremental/generational garbage collection mode
+      `-gc boehm_leak` ...... leak detection mode
 
       You need to install a `libgc-dev` package first, or install it manually from:
 

vlib/builtin/array.v

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ fn (mut a array) ensure_cap(required int) {
 	}
 	new_size := cap * a.element_size
 	mut new_data := &byte(0)
-	if a.cap > 0 {
+	if a.data != voidptr(0) {
 		new_data = unsafe { realloc_data(a.data, a.cap * a.element_size, new_size) }
 	} else {
 		new_data = vcalloc(new_size)
@@ -656,3 +656,167 @@ pub fn (data voidptr) vbytes(len int) []byte {
 pub fn (data &byte) vbytes(len int) []byte {
 	return unsafe { voidptr(data).vbytes(len) }
 }
+
+// non-pub "noscan" versions of some above functions
+fn __new_array_noscan(mylen int, cap int, elm_size int) array {
+	cap_ := if cap < mylen { mylen } else { cap }
+	arr := array{
+		element_size: elm_size
+		data: vcalloc_noscan(cap_ * elm_size)
+		len: mylen
+		cap: cap_
+	}
+	return arr
+}
+
+fn __new_array_with_default_noscan(mylen int, cap int, elm_size int, val voidptr) array {
+	cap_ := if cap < mylen { mylen } else { cap }
+	mut arr := array{
+		element_size: elm_size
+		data: vcalloc_noscan(cap_ * elm_size)
+		len: mylen
+		cap: cap_
+	}
+	if val != 0 {
+		for i in 0 .. arr.len {
+			unsafe { arr.set_unsafe(i, val) }
+		}
+	}
+	return arr
+}
+
+fn __new_array_with_array_default_noscan(mylen int, cap int, elm_size int, val array) array {
+	cap_ := if cap < mylen { mylen } else { cap }
+	mut arr := array{
+		element_size: elm_size
+		data: vcalloc_noscan(cap_ * elm_size)
+		len: mylen
+		cap: cap_
+	}
+	for i in 0 .. arr.len {
+		val_clone := val.clone()
+		unsafe { arr.set_unsafe(i, &val_clone) }
+	}
+	return arr
+}
+
+// Private function, used by V (`nums := [1, 2, 3]`)
+fn new_array_from_c_array_noscan(len int, cap int, elm_size int, c_array voidptr) array {
+	cap_ := if cap < len { len } else { cap }
+	arr := array{
+		element_size: elm_size
+		data: vcalloc_noscan(cap_ * elm_size)
+		len: len
+		cap: cap_
+	}
+	// TODO Write all memory functions (like memcpy) in V
+	unsafe { C.memcpy(arr.data, c_array, len * elm_size) }
+	return arr
+}
+
+fn (a array) repeat_noscan(count int) array {
+	if count < 0 {
+		panic('array.repeat: count is negative: $count')
+	}
+	mut size := count * a.len * a.element_size
+	if size == 0 {
+		size = a.element_size
+	}
+	arr := array{
+		element_size: a.element_size
+		data: vcalloc_noscan(size)
+		len: count * a.len
+		cap: count * a.len
+	}
+	size_of_array := int(sizeof(array))
+	for i in 0 .. count {
+		if a.len > 0 && a.element_size == size_of_array {
+			ary := array{}
+			unsafe { C.memcpy(&ary, a.data, size_of_array) }
+			ary_clone := ary.clone()
+			unsafe { C.memcpy(arr.get_unsafe(i * a.len), &ary_clone, a.len * a.element_size) }
+		} else {
+			unsafe { C.memcpy(arr.get_unsafe(i * a.len), &byte(a.data), a.len * a.element_size) }
+		}
+	}
+	return arr
+}
+
+pub fn (a &array) clone_noscan() array {
+	mut size := a.cap * a.element_size
+	if size == 0 {
+		size++
+	}
+	mut arr := array{
+		element_size: a.element_size
+		data: vcalloc_noscan(size)
+		len: a.len
+		cap: a.cap
+	}
+	// Recursively clone-generated elements if array element is array type
+	size_of_array := int(sizeof(array))
+	if a.element_size == size_of_array {
+		mut is_elem_array := true
+		for i in 0 .. a.len {
+			ar := array{}
+			unsafe { C.memcpy(&ar, a.get_unsafe(i), size_of_array) }
+			if ar.len > ar.cap || ar.cap <= 0 || ar.element_size <= 0 {
+				is_elem_array = false
+				break
+			}
+			ar_clone := ar.clone()
+			unsafe { arr.set_unsafe(i, &ar_clone) }
+		}
+		if is_elem_array {
+			return arr
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !isnil(a.data) {
+		unsafe { C.memcpy(&byte(arr.data), a.data, a.cap * a.element_size) }
+	}
+	return arr
+}
+
+fn (a &array) slice_clone_noscan(start int, _end int) array {
+	mut end := _end
+	$if !no_bounds_checking ? {
+		if start > end {
+			panic('array.slice: invalid slice index ($start > $end)')
+		}
+		if end > a.len {
+			panic('array.slice: slice bounds out of range ($end >= $a.len)')
+		}
+		if start < 0 {
+			panic('array.slice: slice bounds out of range ($start < 0)')
+		}
+	}
+	mut data := &byte(0)
+	unsafe {
+		data = &byte(a.data) + start * a.element_size
+	}
+	l := end - start
+	res := array{
+		element_size: a.element_size
+		data: data
+		len: l
+		cap: l
+	}
+	return res.clone_noscan()
+}
+
+fn (a array) reverse_noscan() array {
+	if a.len < 2 {
+		return a
+	}
+	mut arr := array{
+		element_size: a.element_size
+		data: vcalloc_noscan(a.cap * a.element_size)
+		len: a.len
+		cap: a.cap
+	}
+	for i in 0 .. a.len {
+		unsafe { arr.set_unsafe(i, a.get_unsafe(a.len - 1 - i)) }
+	}
+	return arr
+}

vlib/builtin/builtin.c.v

@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ pub fn realloc_data(old_data &byte, old_size int, new_size int) &byte {
 // Unlike `v_calloc` vcalloc checks for negative values given in `n`.
 pub fn vcalloc(n int) &byte {
 	if n < 0 {
-		panic('calloc(<=0)')
+		panic('calloc(<0)')
 	} else if n == 0 {
 		return &byte(0)
 	}
@@ -313,6 +313,24 @@ pub fn vcalloc(n int) &byte {
 	}
 }
 
+// special versions of the above that allocate memory which is not scanned
+// for pointers (but is collected) when the Boehm garbage collection is used
+pub fn vcalloc_noscan(n int) &byte {
+	$if gcboehm ? {
+		$if vplayground ? {
+			if n > 10000 {
+				panic('allocating more than 10 KB is not allowed in the playground')
+			}
+		}
+		if n < 0 {
+			panic('calloc(<0)')
+		}
+		return &byte(unsafe { C.memset(C.GC_MALLOC_ATOMIC(n), 0, n) })
+	} $else {
+		return unsafe { vcalloc(n) }
+	}
+}
+
 // free allows for manually freeing memory allocated at the address `ptr`.
 [unsafe]
 pub fn free(ptr voidptr) {

vlib/builtin/builtin_d_gcboehm.v

@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ $if gcboehm_leak ? {
 // compiled with `-gc boehm` or `-gc boehm_leak`.
 fn C.GC_MALLOC(n size_t) voidptr
 
+fn C.GC_MALLOC_ATOMIC(n size_t) voidptr
+
 fn C.GC_MALLOC_UNCOLLECTABLE(n size_t) voidptr
 
 fn C.GC_REALLOC(ptr voidptr, n size_t) voidptr

vlib/builtin/builtin_notd_gcboehm.v

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ module builtin
 
 fn C.GC_MALLOC(n size_t) voidptr
 
+fn C.GC_MALLOC_ATOMIC(n size_t) voidptr
+
 fn C.GC_MALLOC_UNCOLLECTABLE(n size_t) voidptr
 
 fn C.GC_REALLOC(ptr voidptr, n size_t) voidptr

vlib/v/gen/c/array.v

@@ -50,10 +50,11 @@ fn (mut g Gen) array_init(node ast.ArrayInit) {
 	if node.exprs.len == 0 {
 		elem_sym := g.table.get_type_symbol(node.elem_type)
 		is_default_array := elem_sym.kind == .array && node.has_default
+		noscan := g.check_noscan(node.elem_type)
 		if is_default_array {
-			g.write('__new_array_with_array_default(')
+			g.write('__new_array_with_array_default${noscan}(')
 		} else {
-			g.write('__new_array_with_default(')
+			g.write('__new_array_with_default${noscan}(')
 		}
 		if node.has_len {
 			g.expr(node.len_expr)
@@ -145,7 +146,8 @@ fn (mut g Gen) gen_array_map(node ast.CallExpr) {
 	g.expr(node.left)
 	g.writeln(';')
 	g.writeln('int ${tmp}_len = ${tmp}_orig.len;')
-	g.writeln('$ret_typ $tmp = __new_array(0, ${tmp}_len, sizeof($ret_elem_type));\n')
+	noscan := g.check_noscan(ret_info.elem_type)
+	g.writeln('$ret_typ $tmp = __new_array${noscan}(0, ${tmp}_len, sizeof($ret_elem_type));\n')
 	i := g.new_tmp_var()
 	g.writeln('for (int $i = 0; $i < ${tmp}_len; ++$i) {')
 	g.writeln('\t$inp_elem_type it = (($inp_elem_type*) ${tmp}_orig.data)[$i];')
@@ -337,7 +339,8 @@ fn (mut g Gen) gen_array_filter(node ast.CallExpr) {
 	g.expr(node.left)
 	g.writeln(';')
 	g.writeln('int ${tmp}_len = ${tmp}_orig.len;')
-	g.writeln('$styp $tmp = __new_array(0, ${tmp}_len, sizeof($elem_type_str));\n')
+	noscan := g.check_noscan(info.elem_type)
+	g.writeln('$styp $tmp = __new_array${noscan}(0, ${tmp}_len, sizeof($elem_type_str));\n')
 	i := g.new_tmp_var()
 	g.writeln('for (int $i = 0; $i < ${tmp}_len; ++$i) {')
 	g.writeln('\t$elem_type_str it = (($elem_type_str*) ${tmp}_orig.data)[$i];')

vlib/v/gen/c/cgen.v

@@ -427,7 +427,9 @@ pub fn (mut g Gen) init() {
 		}
 		g.comptime_defines.writeln('')
 	}
-	if g.pref.gc_mode in [.boehm_full, .boehm_incr, .boehm, .boehm_leak] {
+	if g.pref.gc_mode in [.boehm_full, .boehm_incr, .boehm_full_opt, .boehm_incr_opt, .boehm,
+		.boehm_leak,
+	] {
 		g.comptime_defines.writeln('#define _VGCBOEHM (1)')
 	}
 	if g.pref.is_debug || 'debug' in g.pref.compile_defines {
@@ -5766,7 +5768,8 @@ fn (mut g Gen) type_default(typ_ ast.Type) string {
 		if elem_type_str.starts_with('C__') {
 			elem_type_str = elem_type_str[3..]
 		}
-		init_str := '__new_array(0, 1, sizeof($elem_type_str))'
+		noscan := g.check_noscan(elem_typ)
+		init_str := '__new_array${noscan}(0, 1, sizeof($elem_type_str))'
 		if typ.has_flag(.shared_f) {
 			atyp := '__shared__Array_${g.table.get_type_symbol(elem_typ).cname}'
 			return '($atyp*)__dup_shared_array(&($atyp){.val = $init_str}, sizeof($atyp))'
@@ -6378,3 +6381,64 @@ fn (mut g Gen) trace(fbase string, message string) {
 		println('> g.trace | ${fbase:-10s} | $message')
 	}
 }
+
+// returns true if `t` includes any pointer(s) - during garbage collection heap regions
+// that contain no pointers do not have to be scanned
+pub fn (mut g Gen) contains_ptr(el_typ ast.Type) bool {
+	if el_typ.is_ptr() || el_typ.is_pointer() {
+		return true
+	}
+	typ := g.unwrap_generic(el_typ)
+	if typ.is_ptr() {
+		return true
+	}
+	sym := g.table.get_final_type_symbol(typ)
+	if sym.language != .v {
+		return true
+	}
+	match sym.kind {
+		.i8, .i16, .int, .i64, .byte, .u16, .u32, .u64, .f32, .f64, .char, .size_t, .rune, .bool,
+		.enum_ {
+			return false
+		}
+		.array_fixed {
+			info := sym.info as ast.ArrayFixed
+			return g.contains_ptr(info.elem_type)
+		}
+		.struct_ {
+			info := sym.info as ast.Struct
+			for embed in info.embeds {
+				if g.contains_ptr(embed) {
+					return true
+				}
+			}
+			for field in info.fields {
+				if g.contains_ptr(field.typ) {
+					return true
+				}
+			}
+			return false
+		}
+		.aggregate {
+			info := sym.info as ast.Aggregate
+			for atyp in info.types {
+				if g.contains_ptr(atyp) {
+					return true
+				}
+			}
+			return false
+		}
+		else {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+fn (mut g Gen) check_noscan(elem_typ ast.Type) string {
+	if g.pref.gc_mode in [.boehm_full_opt, .boehm_incr_opt] {
+		if !g.contains_ptr(elem_typ) {
+			return '_noscan'
+		}
+	}
+	return ''
+}

vlib/v/gen/c/cmain.v

@@ -70,13 +70,15 @@ fn (mut g Gen) gen_c_main_function_header() {
 
 fn (mut g Gen) gen_c_main_header() {
 	g.gen_c_main_function_header()
-	if g.pref.gc_mode in [.boehm_full, .boehm_incr, .boehm, .boehm_leak] {
+	if g.pref.gc_mode in [.boehm_full, .boehm_incr, .boehm_full_opt, .boehm_incr_opt, .boehm,
+		.boehm_leak,
+	] {
 		g.writeln('#if defined(_VGCBOEHM)')
 		if g.pref.gc_mode == .boehm_leak {
 			g.writeln('\tGC_set_find_leak(1);')
 		}
 		g.writeln('\tGC_INIT();')
-		if g.pref.gc_mode == .boehm_incr {
+		if g.pref.gc_mode in [.boehm_incr, .boehm_incr_opt] {
 			g.writeln('\tGC_enable_incremental();')
 		}
 		g.writeln('#endif')
@@ -164,13 +166,15 @@ pub fn (mut g Gen) gen_c_main_for_tests() {
 	main_fn_start_pos := g.out.len
 	g.writeln('')
 	g.gen_c_main_function_header()
-	if g.pref.gc_mode in [.boehm_full, .boehm_incr, .boehm, .boehm_leak] {
+	if g.pref.gc_mode in [.boehm_full, .boehm_incr, .boehm_full_opt, .boehm_incr_opt, .boehm,
+		.boehm_leak,
+	] {
 		g.writeln('#if defined(_VGCBOEHM)')
 		if g.pref.gc_mode == .boehm_leak {
 			g.writeln('\tGC_set_find_leak(1);')
 		}
 		g.writeln('\tGC_INIT();')
-		if g.pref.gc_mode == .boehm_incr {
+		if g.pref.gc_mode in [.boehm_incr, .boehm_incr_opt] {
 			g.writeln('\tGC_enable_incremental();')
 		}
 		g.writeln('#endif')

vlib/v/gen/c/fn.v

@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ fn (mut g Gen) call_expr(node ast.CallExpr) {
 		g.inside_call = false
 	}
 	gen_keep_alive := node.is_keep_alive && node.return_type != ast.void_type
-		&& g.pref.gc_mode in [.boehm_full, .boehm_incr, .boehm]
+		&& g.pref.gc_mode in [.boehm_full, .boehm_incr, .boehm_full_opt, .boehm_incr_opt, .boehm]
 	gen_or := node.or_block.kind != .absent // && !g.is_autofree
 	is_gen_or_and_assign_rhs := gen_or && !g.discard_or_result
 	cur_line := if is_gen_or_and_assign_rhs || gen_keep_alive { // && !g.is_autofree {
@@ -890,7 +890,8 @@ fn (mut g Gen) fn_call(node ast.CallExpr) {
 			if g.is_json_fn {
 				g.write(json_obj)
 			} else {
-				if node.is_keep_alive && g.pref.gc_mode in [.boehm_full, .boehm_incr, .boehm] {
+				if node.is_keep_alive
+					&& g.pref.gc_mode in [.boehm_full, .boehm_incr, .boehm_full_opt, .boehm_incr_opt, .boehm] {
 					cur_line := g.go_before_stmt(0)
 					tmp_cnt_save = g.keep_alive_call_pregen(node)
 					g.write(cur_line)

vlib/v/gen/c/json.v

@@ -222,11 +222,12 @@ fn (mut g Gen) decode_array(value_type ast.Type) string {
 		$styp val = *($styp*)val2.data;
 '
 	}
+	noscan := g.check_noscan(value_type)
 	return '
 	if(root && !cJSON_IsArray(root) && !cJSON_IsNull(root)) {
 		return (Option_Array_$styp){.state = 2, .err = v_error(string_add(_SLIT("Json element is not an array: "), tos2((byteptr)cJSON_PrintUnformatted(root))))};
 	}
-	res = __new_array(0, 0, sizeof($styp));
+	res = __new_array${noscan}(0, 0, sizeof($styp));
 	const cJSON *jsval = NULL;
 	cJSON_ArrayForEach(jsval, root)
 	{

vlib/v/markused/markused.v

@@ -100,6 +100,14 @@ pub fn mark_used(mut table ast.Table, pref &pref.Preferences, ast_files []ast.Fi
 		'os.init_os_args',
 		'os.init_os_args_wide',
 	]
+	if pref.gc_mode in [.boehm_full_opt, .boehm_incr_opt] {
+		all_fn_root_names << [
+			'__new_array_noscan',
+			'__new_array_with_default_noscan',
+			'__new_array_with_array_default_noscan',
+			'new_array_from_c_array_noscan',
+		]
+	}
 
 	for k, mut mfn in all_fns {
 		mut method_receiver_typename := ''

vlib/v/pref/pref.v

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ pub enum GarbageCollectionMode {
 	no_gc
 	boehm_full // full garbage collection mode
 	boehm_incr // incremental garbage colletion mode
+	boehm_full_opt // full garbage collection mode
+	boehm_incr_opt // incremental garbage colletion mode
 	boehm // default Boehm-GC mode for architecture
 	boehm_leak // leak detection mode (makes `gc_check_leaks()` work)
 }
@@ -241,6 +243,18 @@ pub fn parse_args(known_external_commands []string, args []string) (&Preferences
 						parse_define(mut res, 'gcboehm')
 						parse_define(mut res, 'gcboehm_incr')
 					}
+					'boehm_full_opt' {
+						res.gc_mode = .boehm_full_opt
+						parse_define(mut res, 'gcboehm')
+						parse_define(mut res, 'gcboehm_full')
+						parse_define(mut res, 'gcboehm_opt')
+					}
+					'boehm_incr_opt' {
+						res.gc_mode = .boehm_incr_opt
+						parse_define(mut res, 'gcboehm')
+						parse_define(mut res, 'gcboehm_incr')
+						parse_define(mut res, 'gcboehm_opt')
+					}
 					'boehm' {
 						res.gc_mode = .boehm
 						parse_define(mut res, 'gcboehm')
@@ -251,7 +265,13 @@ pub fn parse_args(known_external_commands []string, args []string) (&Preferences
 						parse_define(mut res, 'gcboehm_leak')
 					}
 					else {
-						eprintln('unknown garbage collection mode, only `-gc boehm`, `-gc boehm_incr`, `-gc boehm_full` and `-gc boehm_leak` are supported')
+						eprintln('unknown garbage collection mode `-gc $gc_mode`, supported modes are:`')
+						eprintln('  `-gc boehm` ............ default mode for the platform')
+						eprintln('  `-gc boehm_full` ....... classic full collection')
+						eprintln('  `-gc boehm_incr` ....... incremental collection')
+						eprintln('  `-gc boehm_full_opt` ... optimized classic full collection')
+						eprintln('  `-gc boehm_incr_opt` ... optimized incremental collection')
+						eprintln('  `-gc boehm_leak` ....... leak detection (for debugging)')
 						exit(1)
 					}
 				}

vlib/v/tests/bench/gcboehm/GC_bench.plt

@@ -1,9 +1,17 @@
 #!/usr/bin/gnuplot -persist
-set title "Boehm-GC: Full vs. Incremental/Generational Mode" 
+set title "Boehm-GC: Pause Times - Classic vs. Optimized Modes" font ",18"
 set xlabel "Interval #"
+set xtics out nomirror
+set xtic 1000000
+set grid noxtics ytics
 set ylabel "Pause Time [ms]" 
 set terminal pdfcairo  transparent enhanced fontscale 0.5 size 5.00in, 3.00in
+set key box at 4810000,77 Left enhanced opaque samplen 3 height 0.5
 set output "GC_bench.pdf"
-plot "boehm_full.txt" title "full GC" w i, "boehm_incr.txt" title "incr/generational GC" w i
+plot "boehm_full.txt" title "{/Monospace  -gc boehm\\_full}" w i lt 1, "boehm_incr_opt.txt" title "{/Monospace  -gc boehm\\_incr\\_opt}" w i lt 2, "boehm_full_opt.txt" title "{/Monospace  -gc boehm\\_full\\_opt}" w i lt 7
+set output
+set terminal svg size 900,600 dynamic enhanced
+set output "GC_bench.svg"
+replot
 set output
 #    EOF

vlib/v/tests/bench/gcboehm/GC_bench.v

@@ -1,32 +1,43 @@
+import os
 import time
 import rand
 import math
 
-struct MemObj {
+struct DataObj {
 mut:
-	nxt []&MemObj
+	data []f64
+}
+
+struct PtrObj {
+mut:
+	nxt []&DataObj
+}
+
+struct PtrPtrObj {
+mut:
+	nxt []&PtrObj
 }
 
 const (
-	log2n = 10
+	log2n = 11
 	n     = 1 << log2n
 	n4    = f64(u64(1) << (4 * log2n))
 )
 
 fn waste_mem() {
-	mut objs := MemObj{
+	mut objs := PtrPtrObj{
-		nxt: []&MemObj{len: n}
+		nxt: []&PtrObj{len: n}
 	}
 	for {
-		sz := rand.int_in_range(10, 100000)
+		sz := rand.int_in_range(10, 1000)
-		mut new_obj := &MemObj{
+		mut new_obj := &PtrObj{
-			nxt: []&MemObj{len: sz}
+			nxt: []&DataObj{len: sz}
 		}
-		sz2 := rand.int_in_range(10, 100000)
+		sz2 := rand.int_in_range(10, 500000)
-		new_obj2 := &MemObj{
+		new_obj2 := &DataObj{
-			nxt: []&MemObj{len: sz2}
+			data: []f64{len: sz2}
 		}
-		idx2 := rand.int_in_range(0, sz / 2)
+		idx2 := rand.int_in_range(0, sz)
 		new_obj.nxt[idx2] = new_obj2
 		// non-equally distributed random index
 		idx := int(math.sqrt(math.sqrt(rand.f64n(n4))))
@@ -35,9 +46,17 @@ fn waste_mem() {
 }
 
 fn main() {
+	mut n_iterations := 5_000_000
+	if os.args.len == 2 {
+		n_iterations = os.args[1].int()
+	}
+	if os.args.len > 2 || n_iterations <= 0 {
+		eprintln('usage:\n\t${os.args[0]} [num_iterations]')
+		exit(1)
+	}
 	go waste_mem()
 	mut last := time.sys_mono_now()
-	for _ in 0 .. 10_000_000 {
+	for _ in 0 .. n_iterations {
 		now := time.sys_mono_now()
 		interval := now - last
 		println(f64(interval) / f64(time.millisecond))

vlib/v/tests/bench/gcboehm/GC_bench_full.plt

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/gnuplot -persist
+set title "Boehm-GC: Optimized vs. non-Optimized (Full Mode)" 
+set xlabel "Interval #" 
+set ylabel "Pause Time [ms]" 
+set terminal pdfcairo  transparent enhanced fontscale 0.5 size 5.00in, 3.00in 
+set output "GC_bench_full.pdf"
+plot "boehm_full.txt" title "full GC" w i, "boehm_full_opt.txt" title "full GC (opt)" w i
+set output
+#    EOF

vlib/v/tests/bench/gcboehm/GC_bench_incr.plt

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/gnuplot -persist
+set title "Boehm-GC: Optimized vs. non-Optimized (Generational Mode)" 
+set xlabel "Interval #" 
+set ylabel "Pause Time [ms]" 
+set terminal pdfcairo  transparent enhanced fontscale 0.5 size 5.00in, 3.00in 
+set output "GC_bench_incr.pdf"
+plot "boehm_incr.txt" title "non-optimized GC" w i, "boehm_incr_opt.txt" title "optimized GC" w i
+set output
+#    EOF

vlib/v/tests/bench/gcboehm/GC_bench_non_opt.plt

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/gnuplot -persist
+set title "Boehm-GC: Full vs. Generational Mode (non-opt)" 
+set xlabel "Interval #" 
+set ylabel "Pause Time [ms]" 
+set terminal pdfcairo  transparent enhanced fontscale 0.5 size 5.00in, 3.00in 
+set output "GC_bench_non_opt.pdf"
+plot "boehm_full.txt" title "full GC" w i, "boehm_incr.txt" title "incr/generational GC" w i
+set output
+#    EOF

vlib/v/tests/bench/gcboehm/GC_bench_opt.plt

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/gnuplot -persist
+set title "Boehm-GC: Full vs. Generational Mode (optimized)" 
+set xlabel "Interval #" 
+set ylabel "Pause Time [ms]" 
+set terminal pdfcairo  transparent enhanced fontscale 0.5 size 5.00in, 3.00in 
+set output "GC_bench_opt.pdf"
+plot "boehm_full_opt.txt" title "full GC" w i, "boehm_incr_opt.txt" title "incr/generational GC" w i
+set output
+#    EOF

vlib/v/tests/bench/gcboehm/Makefile

@@ -1,9 +1,29 @@
 .PHONY: all
 
-all: GC_bench.pdf
+all: GC_bench_non_opt.pdf GC_bench_full.pdf GC_bench_incr.pdf GC_bench_opt.pdf GC_bench.pdf Resources.pdf
 
-GC_bench.pdf: boehm_full.txt boehm_incr.txt
+GC_bench_non_opt.pdf: GC_bench_non_opt.plt boehm_full.txt boehm_incr.txt
-	gnuplot GC_bench.plt
+	gnuplot $<
+	@echo "$@ created"
+
+GC_bench_full.pdf: GC_bench_full.plt boehm_full.txt boehm_full_opt.txt
+	gnuplot $<
+	@echo "$@ created"
+
+GC_bench_incr.pdf: GC_bench_incr.plt boehm_incr.txt boehm_incr_opt.txt
+	gnuplot $<
+	@echo "$@ created"
+
+GC_bench_opt.pdf: GC_bench_opt.plt boehm_full_opt.txt boehm_incr_opt.txt
+	gnuplot $<
+	@echo "$@ created"
+
+GC_bench.pdf: GC_bench.plt boehm_full.txt boehm_incr_opt.txt
+	gnuplot $<
+	@echo "$@ created"
+
+Resources.pdf: Resources.plt resources.txt
+	gnuplot $<
 	@echo "$@ created"
 
 boehm_full.txt: GC_bench_full
@@ -16,11 +36,31 @@ boehm_incr.txt: GC_bench_incr
 	sleep 1
 	./$< > $@
 
+boehm_full_opt.txt: GC_bench_full_opt
+	sync
+	sleep 1
+	./$< > $@
+
+boehm_incr_opt.txt: GC_bench_incr_opt
+	sync
+	sleep 1
+	./$< > $@
+
 GC_bench_full: GC_bench.v
 	v -prod -gc boehm_full -o $@ $<
 
 GC_bench_incr: GC_bench.v
 	v -prod -gc boehm_incr -o $@ $<
 
+GC_bench_full_opt: GC_bench.v
+	v -prod -gc boehm_full_opt -o $@ $<
+
+GC_bench_incr_opt: GC_bench.v
+	v -prod -gc boehm_incr_opt -o $@ $<
+
 clean:
-	rm -f boehm_full.txt boehm_incr.txt GC_bench.pdf GC_bench_full GC_bench_incr
+	rm -f boehm_full.txt boehm_incr.txt boehm_full_opt.txt boehm_incr_opt.txt \
+          GC_bench_non_opt.pdf GC_bench_full.pdf GC_bench_incr.pdf \
+          GC_bench_opt.pdf GC_bench.pdf Resources.pdf \
+          GC_bench_full GC_bench_incr GC_bench_full_opt GC_bench_incr_opt \
+          GC_bench.svg Resources.svg

vlib/v/tests/bench/gcboehm/Resources.plt

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#!/usr/local/bin/gnuplot -persist
+set terminal pdfcairo transparent enhanced fontscale 0.5 size 8.00in, 4.50in
+set output "Resources.pdf"
+set multiplot layout 1,3 title "\nBoehm GC: Resource Requirements for \`GC\\_bench.v\` (2·10^8 Iterations)\n" font ",18"
+set rmargin 9
+set grid noxtics ytics
+set xtics border rotate by -45
+set key box Right samplen 1 spacing 1 height 0.5 opaque
+set style data histogram
+set style histogram clustered gap 1 title textcolor lt -1
+set style fill solid border -1
+#
+set ylabel "Process Memory [GB]"
+plot [-1:4] [0:9.36] "resources.txt" using 3:xtic(1) title "{/Monospace Memory Usage}" lt 2
+#
+set lmargin at screen 0.39
+set ylabel "CPU Usage [% of 1 Core]"
+plot [-1:4] [0:750] "resources.txt" using 5:xtic(1) title "{/Monospace CPU Usage}" lt 7
+#
+set lmargin at screen 0.71
+set ylabel "Time [s]"
+plot [-1:4] [0:210] "resources.txt" using 4:xtic(1) title "{/Monospace Time to Complete}" lt 3
+unset multiplot
+set output
+unset margin
+set terminal svg size 900,530 dynamic enhanced
+set output "Resources.svg"
+set multiplot layout 1,3 title "\nBoehm GC: Resource Requirements for \`GC\\_bench.v\` (2·10^8 Iterations)\n" font ",18"
+#
+set rmargin at screen 0.27
+set ylabel "Process Memory [GB]"
+plot [-1:4] [0:9.36] "resources.txt" using 3:xtic(1) title "{/Monospace Memory Usage}" lt 2
+#
+set lmargin at screen 0.38
+set rmargin at screen 0.59
+set ylabel "CPU Usage [% of 1 Core]"
+plot [-1:4] [0:750] "resources.txt" using 5:xtic(1) title "{/Monospace CPU Usage}" lt 7
+#
+set lmargin at screen 0.71
+unset rmargin
+set ylabel "Time [s]"
+plot [-1:4] [0:210] "resources.txt" using 4:xtic(1) title "{/Monospace Time to Complete}" lt 3
+unset multiplot
+set output
+#    EOF

vlib/v/tests/bench/gcboehm/Resources_Ryzen_3800X_Linux.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,613 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"  standalone="no"?>
+<svg 
+ viewBox="0 0 900 530"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+>
+
+<title>Gnuplot</title>
+<desc>Produced by GNUPLOT 5.2 patchlevel 8 </desc>
+
+<g id="gnuplot_canvas">
+
+<rect x="0" y="0" width="900" height="530" fill="none"/>
+<defs>
+
+	<circle id='gpDot' r='0.5' stroke-width='0.5' stroke='currentColor'/>
+	<path id='gpPt0' stroke-width='0.222' stroke='currentColor' d='M-1,0 h2 M0,-1 v2'/>
+	<path id='gpPt1' stroke-width='0.222' stroke='currentColor' d='M-1,-1 L1,1 M1,-1 L-1,1'/>
+	<path id='gpPt2' stroke-width='0.222' stroke='currentColor' d='M-1,0 L1,0 M0,-1 L0,1 M-1,-1 L1,1 M-1,1 L1,-1'/>
+	<rect id='gpPt3' stroke-width='0.222' stroke='currentColor' x='-1' y='-1' width='2' height='2'/>
+	<rect id='gpPt4' stroke-width='0.222' stroke='currentColor' fill='currentColor' x='-1' y='-1' width='2' height='2'/>
+	<circle id='gpPt5' stroke-width='0.222' stroke='currentColor' cx='0' cy='0' r='1'/>
+	<use xlink:href='#gpPt5' id='gpPt6' fill='currentColor' stroke='none'/>
+	<path id='gpPt7' stroke-width='0.222' stroke='currentColor' d='M0,-1.33 L-1.33,0.67 L1.33,0.67 z'/>
+	<use xlink:href='#gpPt7' id='gpPt8' fill='currentColor' stroke='none'/>
+	<use xlink:href='#gpPt7' id='gpPt9' stroke='currentColor' transform='rotate(180)'/>
+	<use xlink:href='#gpPt9' id='gpPt10' fill='currentColor' stroke='none'/>
+	<use xlink:href='#gpPt3' id='gpPt11' stroke='currentColor' transform='rotate(45)'/>
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+	<use xlink:href='#gpPt13' id='gpPt14' fill='currentColor' stroke='none'/>
+	<filter id='textbox' filterUnits='objectBoundingBox' x='0' y='0' height='1' width='1'>
+	  <feFlood flood-color='white' flood-opacity='1' result='bgnd'/>
+	  <feComposite in='SourceGraphic' in2='bgnd' operator='atop'/>
+	</filter>
+	<filter id='greybox' filterUnits='objectBoundingBox' x='0' y='0' height='1' width='1'>
+	  <feFlood flood-color='lightgrey' flood-opacity='1' result='grey'/>
+	  <feComposite in='SourceGraphic' in2='grey' operator='atop'/>
+	</filter>
+</defs>
+<g fill="none" color="white" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<g transform="translate(450.0,23.9)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="18.00"  text-anchor="middle">
+		<text></text>
+	</g>
+	<g transform="translate(450.0,50.9)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="18.00"  text-anchor="middle">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" >Boehm GC: Resource Requirements for `GC_bench.v` (2·10</tspan><tspan font-family="Arial"  font-size="14.4" dy="-9.00px">8</tspan><tspan font-family="Arial"  font-size="18.0" dy="9.00px"> Iterations)</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+	<g transform="translate(450.0,77.9)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="18.00"  text-anchor="middle">
+		<text></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
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+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="black" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='gray' stroke-dasharray='2,4' class="gridline"  d='M55.3,406.4 L242.9,406.4  '/></g>
+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="gray" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M55.3,406.4 L64.3,406.4 M242.9,406.4 L233.9,406.4  '/>	<g transform="translate(47.0,410.3)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="end">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" > 0</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="black" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='gray' stroke-dasharray='2,4' class="gridline"  d='M55.3,373.6 L242.9,373.6  '/></g>
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+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
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+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" > 1</tspan></text>
+	</g>
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+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
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+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" > 2</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
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+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
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+</g>
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+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" > 3</tspan></text>
+	</g>
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+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
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+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" > 4</tspan></text>
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+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" > 5</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
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+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='gray' stroke-dasharray='2,4' class="gridline"  d='M55.3,209.4 L242.9,209.4  '/></g>
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+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" >-gc boehm_full</tspan></text>
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+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" >-gc boehm_incr</tspan></text>
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+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" >-gc boehm_full_opt</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
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+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" >-gc boehm_incr_opt</tspan></text>
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+	<g transform="translate(19.0,252.8) rotate(270)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="middle">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" >Process Memory [GB]</tspan></text>
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+	<g id="gnuplot_plot_1a" ><title>Memory Usage</title>
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+	<g transform="translate(200.7,125.5)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="end">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Monospace" >Memory Usage</tspan></text>
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+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" >-gc boehm_incr</tspan></text>
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+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" >-gc boehm_full_opt</tspan></text>
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+	<path stroke='black'  d='M493.1,406.4 L493.1,397.4 M493.1,99.1 L493.1,108.1  '/>	<g transform="translate(490.3,417.5) rotate(45)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="start">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" >-gc boehm_incr_opt</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M342.0,99.1 L342.0,406.4 L530.9,406.4 L530.9,99.1 L342.0,99.1 Z  '/></g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<g transform="translate(289.1,252.8) rotate(270)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="middle">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" >CPU Usage [% of 1 Core]</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M414.0,135.1 L414.0,108.1 L522.6,108.1 L522.6,135.1 L414.0,135.1 Z  '/></g>
+	<g id="gnuplot_plot_1b" ><title>CPU Usage</title>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<g stroke='none' shape-rendering='crispEdges'>
+		<polygon fill = 'rgb(229,  30,  16)' points = '370.3,406.4 389.3,406.4 389.3,127.7 370.3,127.7 '/>
+	</g>
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M370.3,406.4 L370.3,127.8 L389.2,127.8 L389.2,406.4 L370.3,406.4 Z  '/></g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<g stroke='none' shape-rendering='crispEdges'>
+		<polygon fill = 'rgb(229,  30,  16)' points = '408.1,406.4 427.1,406.4 427.1,150.2 408.1,150.2 '/>
+	</g>
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M408.1,406.4 L408.1,150.3 L427.0,150.3 L427.0,406.4 L408.1,406.4 Z  '/></g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
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+	<path stroke='black'  d='M483.7,406.4 L483.7,330.2 L502.6,330.2 L502.6,406.4 L483.7,406.4 Z  '/></g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+	</g>
+	<g stroke='none' shape-rendering='crispEdges'>
+		<polygon fill = 'white' points = '414.0,135.1 522.6,135.1 522.6,108.1 414.0,108.1 '/>
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+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M414.0,135.1 L414.0,108.1 L522.6,108.1 L522.6,135.1 L414.0,135.1 Z  '/></g>
+	<g id="gnuplot_plot_1b" ><title>CPU Usage</title>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<g transform="translate(488.7,125.5)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="end">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Monospace" >CPU Usage</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<g stroke='none' shape-rendering='crispEdges'>
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+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+	</g>
+<g fill="none" color="white" stroke="rgb(229,  30,  16)" stroke-width="2.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="black" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M342.0,99.1 L342.0,406.4 L530.9,406.4 L530.9,99.1 L342.0,99.1 Z  '/></g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="black" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='gray' stroke-dasharray='2,4' class="gridline"  d='M639.0,406.4 L835.0,406.4  '/></g>
+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="gray" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M639.0,406.4 L648.0,406.4 M835.0,406.4 L826.0,406.4  '/>	<g transform="translate(630.7,410.3)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="end">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" > 0</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="black" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='gray' stroke-dasharray='2,4' class="gridline"  d='M639.0,333.2 L835.0,333.2  '/></g>
+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="gray" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M639.0,333.2 L648.0,333.2 M835.0,333.2 L826.0,333.2  '/>	<g transform="translate(630.7,337.1)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="end">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" > 50</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="black" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='gray' stroke-dasharray='2,4' class="gridline"  d='M639.0,260.1 L835.0,260.1  '/></g>
+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="gray" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M639.0,260.1 L648.0,260.1 M835.0,260.1 L826.0,260.1  '/>	<g transform="translate(630.7,264.0)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="end">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" > 100</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="black" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='gray' stroke-dasharray='2,4' class="gridline"  d='M639.0,186.9 L835.0,186.9  '/></g>
+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="gray" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M639.0,186.9 L648.0,186.9 M835.0,186.9 L826.0,186.9  '/>	<g transform="translate(630.7,190.8)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="end">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" > 150</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="black" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="0.50" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='gray' stroke-dasharray='2,4' class="gridline"  d='M639.0,113.7 L660.0,113.7 M826.7,113.7 L835.0,113.7  '/></g>
+<g fill="none" color="gray" stroke="gray" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M639.0,113.7 L648.0,113.7 M835.0,113.7 L826.0,113.7  '/>	<g transform="translate(630.7,117.6)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="end">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" > 200</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M678.2,406.4 L678.2,397.4 M678.2,99.1 L678.2,108.1  '/>	<g transform="translate(675.4,417.5) rotate(45)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="start">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" >-gc boehm_full</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M717.4,406.4 L717.4,397.4 M717.4,99.1 L717.4,108.1  '/>	<g transform="translate(714.6,417.5) rotate(45)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="start">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" >-gc boehm_incr</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M756.6,406.4 L756.6,397.4 M756.6,99.1 L756.6,108.1  '/>	<g transform="translate(753.8,417.5) rotate(45)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="start">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" >-gc boehm_full_opt</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M795.8,406.4 L795.8,397.4 M795.8,99.1 L795.8,108.1  '/>	<g transform="translate(793.0,417.5) rotate(45)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="start">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" >-gc boehm_incr_opt</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M639.0,99.1 L639.0,406.4 L835.0,406.4 L835.0,99.1 L639.0,99.1 Z  '/></g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<g transform="translate(586.1,252.8) rotate(270)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="middle">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Arial" >Time [s]</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M660.0,135.1 L660.0,108.1 L826.7,108.1 L826.7,135.1 L660.0,135.1 Z  '/></g>
+	<g id="gnuplot_plot_1c" ><title>Time to Complete</title>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
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+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
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+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
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+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
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+	</g>
+	<g stroke='none' shape-rendering='crispEdges'>
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+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<path stroke='black'  d='M660.0,135.1 L660.0,108.1 L826.7,108.1 L826.7,135.1 L660.0,135.1 Z  '/></g>
+	<g id="gnuplot_plot_1c" ><title>Time to Complete</title>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
+	<g transform="translate(792.8,125.5)" stroke="none" fill="black" font-family="Arial" font-size="12.00"  text-anchor="end">
+		<text><tspan font-family="Monospace" >Time to Complete</tspan></text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g fill="none" color="black" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.00" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter">
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+</svg>
+

vlib/v/tests/bench/gcboehm/resources.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# 200000000 iterations
+# flags %MEM MEM[GB] TIME[s] %CPU
+"-gc boehm\\_full" 19.7 6.17 132 680
+"-gc boehm\\_incr" 23.7 7.42 181 625
+"-gc boehm\\_full\\_opt" 14.0 4.38 100 204
+"-gc boehm\\_incr\\_opt" 14.4 4.51 166 186