doc: vweb README (#10106)

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This is pre-alpha software.
# vweb - the V Web Server #
## Features
- Very fast: performance of C on the web.
- Small binary: hello world website is <100 KB.
- Easy to deploy: just one binary file that also includes all templates.
A simple yet powerful web server with built-in routing, parameter handling,
templating, and other features.
## Alpha level software ##
Some features may not be complete, and there may still be bugs. However, it is
still a very useful tool. The [gitly](https://gitly.org/) site is based on vweb.
## Features ##
- **Very fast** performance of C on the web.
- **Small binary** hello world website is <100 KB.
- **Easy to deploy** just one binary file that also includes all templates.
No need to install any dependencies.
- Templates are precompiled, all errors are visible at compilation time,
- **Templates are precompiled** all errors are visible at compilation time,
not at runtime.
Lots of things are broken and not implemented yet in V and vweb.
There is no formal documentation yet - here is a simple
[example](https://github.com/vlang/v/tree/master/examples/vweb/vweb_example.v)
There's no documentation yet, have a look at a simple example:
https://github.com/vlang/v/tree/master/examples/vweb/vweb_example.v
There's also the V forum: https://github.com/vlang/vorum
There's also the V forum, [vorum](https://github.com/vlang/vorum)
`vorum.v` contains all GET and POST actions.
@ -36,7 +42,6 @@ pub fn (app App) post() {
show_form := true
$vweb.html()
}
```
`index.html` is an example of the V template language:
@ -53,23 +58,24 @@ pub fn (app App) post() {
```
`$vweb.html()` compiles an HTML template into V during compilation,
and embeds the resulting code in current action.
and embeds the resulting code into the current action.
That means that the template automatically has access to that action's entire environment.
### Deploying vweb apps
## Deploying vweb apps ##
Everything, including HTML templates, is in one binary file. That's all you need to deploy.
## Getting Started
## Getting Started ##
To start with vweb, you have to import the module `vweb`.
After the import, define a struct to hold vweb.Context
(and any other variables your program will need).
The web server can be started by calling `vweb.run<App>(port)`.
To start with vweb, you have to import the module `vweb`. After the import,
define a struct to hold vweb.Context (and any other variables your program will
need).
The web server can be started by calling `vweb.run<App>(&App{}, port)`.
**Example:**
```v ignore
import vweb
@ -78,16 +84,18 @@ struct App {
}
fn main() {
vweb.run<App>(8080)
vweb.run<App>(&App{}, 8080)
}
```
### Defining endpoints
### Defining endpoints ###
To add endpoints to your web server, you have to extend the `App` struct.
For routing you can either use auto-mapping of function names or specify the path as an attribute.
The function expects a response of the type `vweb.Result`.
**Example:**
```v ignore
// This endpoint can be accessed via http://localhost:port/hello
fn (mut app App) hello() vweb.Result {
@ -104,6 +112,7 @@ fn (mut app App) world() vweb.Result {
To create an HTTP POST endpoint, you simply add a `[post]` attribute before the function definition.
**Example:**
```v ignore
[post]
fn (mut app App) world() vweb.Result {
@ -116,6 +125,7 @@ an attribute, e. g. `['/hello/:user]`.
After it is defined in the attribute, you have to add it as a function parameter.
**Example:**
```v ignore
['/hello/:user']
fn (mut app App) hello_user(user string) vweb.Result {
@ -126,6 +136,6 @@ fn (mut app App) hello_user(user string) vweb.Result {
You have access to the raw request data such as headers
or the request body by accessing `app` (which is `vweb.Context`).
If you want to read the request body, you can do that by calling `app.req.data`.
To read the request headers, you just call `app.req.header` and access the header you want,
e.g. `app.req.header.get(.content_type)`. See `struct Header` for all
available methods (`v doc net.http Header`).
To read the request headers, you just call `app.req.header` and access the
header you want, e.g. `app.req.header.get(.content_type)`. See `struct Header`
for all available methods (`v doc net.http Header`).