option to disable bounds checking; examples/path_tracing.v: optimizations
Delyan Angelov
GitHub
parent
277c55fe5b
commit
195f3f465b
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@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ jobs:
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run: ./v -o v2 cmd/v && ./v2 -o v3 cmd/v
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- name: Test symlink
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run: sudo ./v symlink
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- name: Ensure thirdparty/cJSON/cJSON.o is compiled, before running tests.
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run: ./v examples/json.v
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- name: Set up pg database
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run: |
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brew services start postgresql
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@ -57,3 +57,4 @@ info.log
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# vim/emacs editor backup files
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*~
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thirdparty/freetype/
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cachegrind.out.*
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@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
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/hello_v_js
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/fibonacci
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/sqlite
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/path_tracing
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*.ppm
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empty_gg_freetype
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game_of_life/life_gg
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random_ips
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@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
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/**********************************************************************
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*
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* path tracing demo
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*
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* Copyright (c) 2019-2020 Dario Deledda. All rights reserved.
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@ -24,17 +23,19 @@
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* in linux: ulimit -s byte_size_of_the_stack
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* example: ulimit -s 16000000
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* - No OpenMP support
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*
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**********************************************************************/
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import os
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import math
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import rand
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import time
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/******************************************************************************
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*
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* 3D Vector utility struct
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*
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******************************************************************************/
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const (
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inf = f64(1e+10)
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eps = f64(1e-4)
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f_0 = f64(0.0)
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)
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/***************************** 3D Vector utility struct **********************/
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struct Vec {
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mut:
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x f64 = f64(0.0)
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@ -82,11 +83,38 @@ fn (v Vec) norm () Vec {
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return Vec{ v.x * tmp_norm , v.y * tmp_norm, v.z * tmp_norm }
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}
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/******************************************************************************
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*
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* Ray
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*
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******************************************************************************/
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/*********************************Image***************************************/
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struct Image {
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width int
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height int
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data &Vec
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}
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fn new_image(w int, h int) Image {
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return Image{
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width: w,
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height: h,
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data: &Vec(calloc(sizeof(Vec)*w*h))
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}
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}
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// write out a .ppm file
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fn (image Image) save_as_ppm(file_name string) {
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npixels := image.width * image.height
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mut f_out := os.create(file_name) or { exit }
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f_out.writeln('P3')
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f_out.writeln('${image.width} ${image.height}')
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f_out.writeln('255')
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for i in 0..npixels {
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c_r := to_int(image.data[i].x)
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c_g := to_int(image.data[i].y)
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c_b := to_int(image.data[i].z)
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f_out.write('$c_r $c_g $c_b ')
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}
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f_out.close()
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}
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/*********************************** Ray *************************************/
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struct Ray {
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o Vec
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d Vec
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@ -99,11 +127,7 @@ enum Refl_t {
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refr
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}
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/******************************************************************************
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*
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* Sphere
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*
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******************************************************************************/
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/********************************* Sphere ************************************/
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struct Sphere {
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rad f64 = f64(0.0) // radius
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p Vec // position
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@ -112,59 +136,52 @@ struct Sphere {
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refl Refl_t // reflection type => [diffuse, specular, refractive]
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}
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[inline]
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fn (sp Sphere) intersect (r Ray) f64 {
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op := sp.p - r.o // Solve t^2*d.d + 2*t*(o-p).d + (o-p).(o-p)-R^2 = 0
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mut t := f64(0.0)
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eps := f64(1e-4)
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b := op.dot(r.d)
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mut det := b * b - op.dot(op) + sp.rad * sp.rad
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if det < 0 {
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return f64(0)
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} else {
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det = math.sqrt(det)
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}
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t = b - det
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if t > eps { return t }
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det = math.sqrt(det)
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mut t := b - det
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if t > eps {
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return t
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}
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t = b + det
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if t > eps { return t }
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if t > eps {
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return t
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}
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return f64(0)
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}
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/******************************************************************************
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*
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* Scenes
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*
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/*********************************** Scenes **********************************
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* 0) Cornell Box with 2 spheres
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* 1) Sunset
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* 2) Psychedelic
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*
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* the sphere fileds are: Sphere{radius, position, emission, color, material}
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*
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* The sphere fileds are: Sphere{radius, position, emission, color, material}
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******************************************************************************/
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const (
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const (
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Cen = Vec{50, 40.8, -860} // used by scene 1
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spheres = [
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[// scene 0 cornnel box
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Sphere{rad: 1e+5, p: Vec{ 1e+5 +1,40.8,81.6} , e: Vec{} , c: Vec{.75,.25,.25} , refl: .diff},//Left
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Sphere{rad: 1e+5, p: Vec{-1e+5 +99,40.8,81.6}, e: Vec{} , c: Vec{.25,.25,.75} , refl: .diff},//Rght
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Sphere{rad: 1e+5, p: Vec{50,40.8, 1e+5} , e: Vec{} , c: Vec{.75,.75,.75} , refl: .diff},//Back
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Sphere{rad: 1e+5, p: Vec{50,40.8,-1e+5 +170} , e: Vec{} , c: Vec{1e-16, 1e-16, 1e-16}, refl: .diff},//Frnt
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Sphere{rad: 1e+5, p: Vec{50,40.8,-1e+5 +170} , e: Vec{} , c: Vec{} , refl: .diff},//Frnt
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Sphere{rad: 1e+5, p: Vec{50, 1e+5, 81.6} , e: Vec{} , c: Vec{.75,.75,.75} , refl: .diff},//Botm
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Sphere{rad: 1e+5, p: Vec{50,-1e+5 +81.6,81.6}, e: Vec{} , c: Vec{.75,.75,.75} , refl: .diff},//Top
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Sphere{rad: 16.5, p: Vec{27.0,16.5,47.0} , e: Vec{} , c: Vec{1,1,1}.mult_s(.999) , refl: .spec},//Mirr
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Sphere{rad: 16.5, p: Vec{27,16.5,47} , e: Vec{} , c: Vec{1,1,1}.mult_s(.999) , refl: .spec},//Mirr
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Sphere{rad: 16.5, p: Vec{73,16.5,78} , e: Vec{} , c: Vec{1,1,1}.mult_s(.999) , refl: .refr},//Glas
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Sphere{rad: 600 , p: Vec{50,681.6-.27,81.6} , e: Vec{12,12,12}, c: Vec{1e-16, 1e-16, 1e-16}, refl: .diff} //Lite
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]
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Sphere{rad: 600 , p: Vec{50,681.6-.27,81.6} , e: Vec{12,12,12}, c: Vec{}, refl: .diff} //Lite
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],
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,[// scene 1 sunset
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Sphere{rad: 1600, p: Vec{1.0,0.0,2.0}.mult_s(3000), e: Vec{1.0,.9,.8}.mult_s(1.2e+1*1.56*2) , c: Vec{} , refl: .diff}, // sun
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[// scene 1 sunset
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Sphere{rad: 1600, p: Vec{1.0,0.0,2.0}.mult_s(3000), e: Vec{1.0,.9,.8}.mult_s(1.2e+1*1.56*2) , c: Vec{} , refl: .diff}, // sun
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Sphere{rad: 1560, p: Vec{1,0,2}.mult_s(3500) , e: Vec{1.0,.5,.05}.mult_s(4.8e+1*1.56*2) , c: Vec{} , refl: .diff}, // horizon sun2
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Sphere{rad: 10000, p: Cen+Vec{0,0,-200}, e: Vec{0.00063842, 0.02001478, 0.28923243}.mult_s(6e-2*8), c: Vec{.7,.7,1}.mult_s(.25), refl: .diff}, // sky
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@ -175,10 +192,10 @@ spheres = [
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Sphere{rad: 26.5, p: Vec{22,26.5,42}, e: Vec{}, c: Vec{1,1,1}.mult_s(.596) , refl: .spec}, // white Mirr
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Sphere{rad: 13, p: Vec{75,13,82 }, e: Vec{}, c: Vec{.96,.96,.96}.mult_s(.96), refl: .refr},// Glas
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Sphere{rad: 22, p: Vec{87,22,24 }, e: Vec{}, c: Vec{.6,.6,.6}.mult_s(.696) , refl: .refr} // Glas2
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]
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],
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,[// scene 3 Psychedelic
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[// scene 3 Psychedelic
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Sphere{rad: 150, p: Vec{50+75,28,62}, e: Vec{1,1,1}.mult_s(0e-3), c: Vec{1,.9,.8}.mult_s(.93), refl: .refr},
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Sphere{rad: 28 , p: Vec{50+5,-28,62}, e: Vec{1,1,1}.mult_s(1e+1), c: Vec{1,1,1}.mult_s(0) , refl: .diff},
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Sphere{rad: 300, p: Vec{50,28,62} , e: Vec{1,1,1}.mult_s(0e-3), c: Vec{1,1,1}.mult_s(.93) , refl: .spec}
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@ -188,15 +205,11 @@ spheres = [
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)
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/******************************************************************************
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*
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* Utility
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*
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******************************************************************************/
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/*********************************** Utilities *******************************/
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[inline]
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fn clamp(x f64) f64 {
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if x < f64(0.0) { return f64(0.0) }
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if x > f64(1.0) { return f64(1.0) }
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if x < 0 { return 0 }
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if x > 1 { return 1 }
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return x
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}
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@ -206,39 +219,27 @@ fn to_int(x f64) int {
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return int(p*f64(255.0)+f64(0.5))
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}
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[inline]
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//fn intersect(r Ray, id1 int, scene int) (bool, f64, int){
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fn intersect(r Ray, id1 int, spheres []Sphere) (bool, f64, int){
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fn intersect(r Ray, spheres &Sphere, nspheres int) (bool, f64, int){
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mut d := f64(0)
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inf := f64(1e+20)
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mut t := f64(1e+20)
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//mut i := spheres[scene].len-1
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mut i := spheres.len-1
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mut id := id1
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for i >= 0 {
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//d = spheres[scene][i].intersect(r)
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mut t := inf
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mut id := 0
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for i:=nspheres-1; i >= 0; i-- {
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d = spheres[i].intersect(r)
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if d != 0.0 && d < t {
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if d > 0 && d < t {
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t = d
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id = i
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}
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i--
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}
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return (t < inf) , t, id
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}
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// some casual random function, try to avoid the 0
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[inline]
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fn rand_f64() f64 {
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x := (C.rand()+1) & 0x3FFF_FFFF
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return f64(x)/f64(0x3FFF_FFFF)
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x := (C.rand()+1) & 0x3FFF_FFFF
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return f64(x)/f64(0x3FFF_FFFF)
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}
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/******************************************************************************
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*
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* Cache for sin/cos speed-up table and scene selector
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*
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******************************************************************************/
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const(
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cache_len = 65536 // the 2*pi angle will be splitted in 65536 part
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cache_mask = cache_len - 1 // mask to speed-up the module process
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@ -246,243 +247,236 @@ const(
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struct Cache {
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mut:
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scene int = 0
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sin_tab [cache_len]f64
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cos_tab [cache_len]f64
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}
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fn (c mut Cache) fill() {
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inv_len := 1.0 / f64(cache_len)
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fn new_tabs() Cache {
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mut c := Cache{}
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inv_len := f64(1.0) / f64(cache_len)
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for i in 0..cache_len {
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x := f64(i) * math.pi * 2.0 * inv_len
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c.sin_tab[i] = math.sin(x)
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c.cos_tab[i] = math.cos(x)
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}
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return c
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}
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/************* Cache for sin/cos speed-up table and scene selector ***********/
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const (
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tabs = new_tabs()
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)
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/******************************************************************************
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*
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* main function for the radiance calculation
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*
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******************************************************************************/
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fn radiance(r Ray, depthi int, tb &Cache) Vec {
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mut depth := depthi // actual depth in the reflection tree
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mut t := f64(0) // distance to intersection
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mut id := 0 // id of intersected object
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mut res := false // result of intersect
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v_1 := f64(1.0)
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//v_2 := f64(2.0)
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//res, t, id = intersect(r, id, tb.scene)
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res, t, id = intersect(r, id, spheres[tb.scene])
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if !res { return Vec{} } //if miss, return black
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obj := spheres[tb.scene][id] // the hit object
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x := r.o + r.d.mult_s(t)
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n := (x - obj.p).norm()
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mut nl := n
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if n.dot(r.d) >= 0.0 {
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nl = n.mult_s(-1)
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}
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mut f := obj.c
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// max reflection
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mut p := f.z
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if f.x > f.y && f.x > f.z {
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p = f.x
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} else {
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if f.y > f.z {
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p = f.y
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}
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}
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depth++
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if depth > 5 {
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if rand_f64() < p {
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f = f.mult_s(1.0/p)
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} else {
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return obj.e //R.R.
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}
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}
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if obj.refl == .diff { // Ideal DIFFUSE reflection
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// **Full Precision**
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//r1 := f64(2.0 * math.pi) * rand_f64()
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// tabbed speed-up
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r1 := C.rand() & cache_mask
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r2 := rand_f64()
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r2s := math.sqrt(r2)
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w := nl
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mut u := Vec{1, 0, 0}
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if math.abs(w.x) > 0.1 {
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u = Vec{0, 1, 0}
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}
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u = u.cross(w)
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u = u.norm()
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v := w.cross(u)
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// **Full Precision**
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//d := (u.mult_s(math.cos(r1) * r2s) + v.mult_s(math.sin(r1) * r2s) + w.mult_s(1.0 - r2)).norm()
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// tabbed speed-up
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d := (u.mult_s(tb.cos_tab[r1] * r2s) + v.mult_s(tb.sin_tab[r1] * r2s) + w.mult_s(1.0 - r2)).norm()
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return obj.e + (f * radiance(Ray{x, d}, depth, tb))
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} else {
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if obj.refl == .spec { // Ideal SPECULAR reflection
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return obj.e + (f * radiance(Ray{x, r.d - n.mult_s(2.0 * n.dot(r.d)) }, depth, tb))
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}
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}
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refl_ray := Ray{x, r.d - n.mult_s(2.0 * n.dot(r.d))} // Ideal dielectric REFRACTION
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into := n.dot(nl) > 0.0 // Ray from outside going in?
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nc := f64(1.0)
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nt := f64(1.5)
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mut nnt := nt / nc
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if into { nnt = nc / nt }
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ddn := r.d.dot(nl)
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mut cos2t:= f64(0)
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cos2t = v_1 - nnt * nnt * (v_1 - ddn * ddn)
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if cos2t < 0.0 { // Total internal reflection
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return obj.e + (f * radiance(refl_ray, depth, tb))
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}
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mut dirc := -1
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if into { dirc = 1 }
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tdir := r.d.mult_s(nnt) -n.mult_s(dirc).mult_s(ddn * nnt + math.sqrt(cos2t)).norm()
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a := nt - nc
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b := nt + nc
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r0 := a * a / (b * b)
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mut c := v_1 - tdir.dot(n)
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if into { c = v_1 + ddn }
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re := r0 + (v_1 - r0) * c * c * c * c * c
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tr := v_1 - re
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p = f64(.25) + f64(.5) * re
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rp := re / p
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tp := tr / (v_1 - p)
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mut res_f := obj.e
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mut tmp := radiance(Ray{x, tdir}, depth, tb).mult_s(tp)
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if rand_f64() < p {
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tmp = radiance(refl_ray, depth, tb).mult_s(rp)
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/******************* main function for the radiance calculation **************/
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fn radiance(r Ray, depthi int, scene_id int) Vec {
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sin_tab := &f64( tabs.sin_tab )
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cos_tab := &f64( tabs.cos_tab )
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mut depth := depthi // actual depth in the reflection tree
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mut t := f64(0) // distance to intersection
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mut id := 0 // id of intersected object
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mut res := false // result of intersect
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v_1 := f64(1.0)
|
||||
//v_2 := f64(2.0)
|
||||
|
||||
scene := spheres[scene_id]
|
||||
//res, t, id = intersect(r, id, tb.scene)
|
||||
res, t, id = intersect(r, scene.data, scene.len)
|
||||
if !res { return Vec{} } //if miss, return black
|
||||
|
||||
obj := scene[id] // the hit object
|
||||
|
||||
x := r.o + r.d.mult_s(t)
|
||||
n := (x - obj.p).norm()
|
||||
|
||||
nl := if n.dot(r.d) < 0.0 { n } else { n.mult_s(-1) }
|
||||
|
||||
mut f := obj.c
|
||||
|
||||
// max reflection
|
||||
mut p := f.z
|
||||
if f.x > f.y && f.x > f.z {
|
||||
p = f.x
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
if f.y > f.z {
|
||||
p = f.y
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
depth++
|
||||
if depth > 5 {
|
||||
if rand_f64() < p {
|
||||
f = f.mult_s(f64(1.0)/p)
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
return obj.e //R.R.
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if obj.refl == .diff { // Ideal DIFFUSE reflection
|
||||
// **Full Precision**
|
||||
//r1 := f64(2.0 * math.pi) * rand_f64()
|
||||
|
||||
// tabbed speed-up
|
||||
r1 := C.rand() & cache_mask
|
||||
|
||||
r2 := rand_f64()
|
||||
r2s := math.sqrt(r2)
|
||||
|
||||
w := nl
|
||||
|
||||
mut u := if math.abs(w.x) > f64(0.1) {
|
||||
Vec{0, 1, 0}
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
Vec{1, 0, 0}
|
||||
}
|
||||
u = u.cross(w).norm()
|
||||
|
||||
v := w.cross(u)
|
||||
|
||||
// **Full Precision**
|
||||
//d := (u.mult_s(math.cos(r1) * r2s) + v.mult_s(math.sin(r1) * r2s) + w.mult_s(1.0 - r2)).norm()
|
||||
|
||||
// tabbed speed-up
|
||||
d := (u.mult_s(cos_tab[r1] * r2s) + v.mult_s(sin_tab[r1] * r2s) + w.mult_s(math.sqrt(f64(1.0) - r2))).norm()
|
||||
|
||||
return obj.e + f * radiance(Ray{x, d}, depth, scene_id)
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
if obj.refl == .spec { // Ideal SPECULAR reflection
|
||||
return obj.e + f * radiance(Ray{x, r.d - n.mult_s(2.0 * n.dot(r.d)) }, depth, scene_id)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
refl_ray := Ray{x, r.d - n.mult_s(2.0 * n.dot(r.d))} // Ideal dielectric REFRACTION
|
||||
into := n.dot(nl) > 0 // Ray from outside going in?
|
||||
|
||||
nc := f64(1.0)
|
||||
nt := f64(1.5)
|
||||
|
||||
nnt := if into { nc / nt } else { nt / nc }
|
||||
|
||||
ddn := r.d.dot(nl)
|
||||
cos2t := v_1 - nnt * nnt * (v_1 - ddn * ddn)
|
||||
if cos2t < 0.0 { // Total internal reflection
|
||||
return obj.e + f * radiance(refl_ray, depth, scene_id)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
dirc := if into { f64(1) } else { f64(-1) }
|
||||
tdir := (r.d.mult_s(nnt) - n.mult_s(dirc * (ddn * nnt + math.sqrt(cos2t)))).norm()
|
||||
|
||||
a := nt - nc
|
||||
b := nt + nc
|
||||
r0 := a * a / (b * b)
|
||||
c := if into { v_1 + ddn } else { v_1 - tdir.dot(n) }
|
||||
|
||||
re := r0 + (v_1 - r0) * c * c * c * c * c
|
||||
tr := v_1 - re
|
||||
pp := f64(.25) + f64(.5) * re
|
||||
rp := re / pp
|
||||
tp := tr / (v_1 - pp)
|
||||
|
||||
mut tmp := Vec{}
|
||||
if depth > 2 {
|
||||
res_f = res_f + f * tmp
|
||||
return res_f
|
||||
// Russian roulette
|
||||
tmp = if rand_f64() < pp {
|
||||
radiance(refl_ray, depth, scene_id).mult_s(rp)
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
radiance(Ray{x, tdir}, depth, scene_id).mult_s(tp)
|
||||
}
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
tmp = (radiance(refl_ray, depth, scene_id).mult_s(re)) + (radiance( Ray{x, tdir}, depth, scene_id).mult_s(tr))
|
||||
}
|
||||
return obj.e + (f * tmp)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
tmp1 := radiance(refl_ray, depth, tb).mult_s(re) + radiance( Ray{x, tdir}, depth, tb).mult_s(tr)
|
||||
res_f = res_f + f * tmp1
|
||||
return res_f
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/******************************************************************************
|
||||
*
|
||||
* beam scan routine
|
||||
*
|
||||
******************************************************************************/
|
||||
fn ray_trace(w int, h int, samps int, file_name string, tb &Cache) {
|
||||
|
||||
/************************ beam scan routine **********************************/
|
||||
fn ray_trace(w int, h int, samps int, file_name string, scene_id int) Image {
|
||||
image := new_image(w, h)
|
||||
|
||||
// inverse costants
|
||||
w1 := f64(1.0 / w)
|
||||
h1 := f64(1.0 / h)
|
||||
samps1 := f64(1.0 / samps)
|
||||
|
||||
cam := Ray{Vec{50, 52, 296.5}, Vec{0, -0.042612, -1}.norm()} // cam position, direction
|
||||
cx := Vec{ f64(w) * .5135 / f64(h), 0, 0}
|
||||
cy := ((cx.cross(cam.d)).norm()).mult_s(0.5135)
|
||||
mut c := [Vec{}].repeat(w * h)
|
||||
|
||||
cam := Ray{Vec{50, 52, 295.6}, Vec{0, -0.042612, -1}.norm()} // cam position, direction
|
||||
cx := Vec{ f64(w) * 0.5135 / f64(h), 0, 0}
|
||||
cy := cx.cross(cam.d).norm().mult_s(0.5135)
|
||||
mut r := Vec{}
|
||||
|
||||
// speed-up constants
|
||||
v_1 := f64(1.0)
|
||||
v_2 := f64(2.0)
|
||||
|
||||
// OpenMP injection point! #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic, 1) shared(c)
|
||||
for y:=0; y < h; y++ {
|
||||
eprint("\rRendering (${samps * 4} spp) ${(100.0 * f64(y)) / (f64(h) - 1.0)}%")
|
||||
eprint("\rRendering (${samps * 4} spp) ${(100.0 * f64(y)) / (f64(h) - 1.0):5.2f}%")
|
||||
for x := 0; x < w; x++ {
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
i := (h - y - 1) * w + x
|
||||
mut ivec := &image.data[i]
|
||||
// we use sx and sy to perform a square subsampling of 4 samples
|
||||
for sy := f64(0.5) ; sy < 2.5; sy += 1.0 {
|
||||
for sx := f64(0.5); sx < 2.5; sx += 1.0 {
|
||||
r.x = 0
|
||||
r.y = 0
|
||||
r.z = 0
|
||||
for sy := 0; sy < 2; sy ++ {
|
||||
for sx := 0; sx < 2; sx ++ {
|
||||
r = Vec{0,0,0}
|
||||
for s := 0; s < samps; s++ {
|
||||
// speed-up constants
|
||||
v_1 := f64(1.0)
|
||||
v_2 := f64(2.0)
|
||||
|
||||
r1 := v_2 * rand_f64()
|
||||
mut dx := v_1 - math.sqrt(v_2 - r1)
|
||||
if r1 < v_1 { dx = math.sqrt(r1) - v_1 }
|
||||
|
||||
dx := if r1 < v_1 { math.sqrt(r1) - v_1 } else { v_1 - math.sqrt(v_2 - r1) }
|
||||
|
||||
r2 := v_2 * rand_f64()
|
||||
mut dy := v_1 - math.sqrt(v_2 - r2)
|
||||
if r2 < v_1 { dy = math.sqrt(r2) - v_1 }
|
||||
|
||||
d := cx.mult_s( ( (sx + dx)*0.5 + f64(x))*w1 - .5) +
|
||||
cy.mult_s( ( (sy + dy)*0.5 + f64(y))*h1 - .5) + cam.d
|
||||
|
||||
r = r + radiance(Ray{cam.o+d.mult_s(140.0), d.norm()}, 0, tb).mult_s(samps1)
|
||||
|
||||
dy := if r2 < v_1 { math.sqrt(r2) - v_1 } else { v_1 - math.sqrt(v_2 - r2) }
|
||||
|
||||
d := cx.mult_s( ( (f64(sx) + 0.5 + dx)*0.5 + f64(x))*w1 - .5) +
|
||||
cy.mult_s( ( (f64(sy) + 0.5 + dy)*0.5 + f64(y))*h1 - .5) + cam.d
|
||||
r = r + radiance(Ray{cam.o+d.mult_s(140.0), d.norm()}, 0, scene_id).mult_s(samps1)
|
||||
}
|
||||
tmp_vec := Vec{clamp(r.x),clamp(r.y),clamp(r.z)}.mult_s(.25)
|
||||
c[i] = c[i] + tmp_vec
|
||||
*ivec = *ivec + tmp_vec
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
eprintln('\nRendering finished.')
|
||||
|
||||
//
|
||||
// write out a .ppm file
|
||||
//
|
||||
mut f_out := os.create(file_name) or { exit }
|
||||
f_out.writeln('P3')
|
||||
f_out.writeln('${w} ${h}')
|
||||
f_out.writeln('255')
|
||||
for i in 0..w*h {
|
||||
c_r := to_int(c[i].x)
|
||||
c_g := to_int(c[i].y)
|
||||
c_b := to_int(c[i].z)
|
||||
f_out.write('$c_r $c_g $c_b ')
|
||||
}
|
||||
f_out.close()
|
||||
|
||||
println("image saved as [${file_name}]")
|
||||
return image
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn main() {
|
||||
if os.args.len > 6 {
|
||||
eprintln('Usage:\n path_tracing [samples] [image.ppm] [scene_n] [width] [height]')
|
||||
exit(1)
|
||||
}
|
||||
mut width := 320 // width of the rendering in pixels
|
||||
mut height := 200 // height of the rendering in pixels
|
||||
mut samples := 4 // number of samples per pixel, increase for better quality
|
||||
mut scene_id := 0 // scene to render [0 cornell box,1 sunset,2 psyco]
|
||||
mut file_name := 'image.ppm' // name of the output file in .ppm format
|
||||
|
||||
if os.args.len >= 2 {
|
||||
samples = os.args[1].int() / 4
|
||||
}
|
||||
if os.args.len >= 3 {
|
||||
file_name = os.args[2]
|
||||
}
|
||||
if os.args.len >= 4 {
|
||||
scene_id = os.args[3].int()
|
||||
}
|
||||
if os.args.len >= 5 {
|
||||
width = os.args[4].int()
|
||||
}
|
||||
if os.args.len == 6 {
|
||||
height = os.args[5].int()
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// init the rand, using the same seed allows to obtain the same result in different runs
|
||||
// change the seed from 2020 for different results
|
||||
rand.seed(2020)
|
||||
rand.seed(2020)
|
||||
|
||||
// init the sin/cos cache table
|
||||
mut tb := Cache{}
|
||||
tb.fill()
|
||||
t1:=time.ticks()
|
||||
|
||||
width := 1280 // width of the rendering in pixels
|
||||
height := 1280 // height of the rendering in pixels
|
||||
samples := 10 // number of samples*4 per pixel, increase for better quality
|
||||
tb.scene = 1 // scene to render [0 cornell box,1 sunset,2 psyco]
|
||||
file_name := "image.ppm" // name of the output file in .ppm format
|
||||
|
||||
ray_trace(width, height, samples, file_name, tb)
|
||||
image := ray_trace(width, height, samples, file_name, scene_id)
|
||||
t2:=time.ticks()
|
||||
|
||||
eprintln('\nRendering finished. Took: ${t2-t1:5d}ms')
|
||||
|
||||
image.save_as_ppm( file_name )
|
||||
t3:=time.ticks()
|
||||
|
||||
eprintln('Image saved as [${file_name}]. Took: ${t3-t2:5d}ms')
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -116,8 +116,10 @@ pub fn (a mut array) sort_with_compare(compare voidptr) {
|
|||
// a.insert(0, &i)
|
||||
// ----------------------------
|
||||
pub fn (a mut array) insert(i int, val voidptr) {
|
||||
if i < 0 || i > a.len {
|
||||
panic('array.insert: index out of range (i == $i, a.len == $a.len)')
|
||||
$if !no_bounds_checking? {
|
||||
if i < 0 || i > a.len {
|
||||
panic('array.insert: index out of range (i == $i, a.len == $a.len)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
a.ensure_cap(a.len + 1)
|
||||
size := a.element_size
|
||||
|
|
@ -135,8 +137,10 @@ pub fn (a mut array) prepend(val voidptr) {
|
|||
|
||||
// array.delete deletes array element at the given index
|
||||
pub fn (a mut array) delete(i int) {
|
||||
if i < 0 || i >= a.len {
|
||||
panic('array.delete: index out of range (i == $i, a.len == $a.len)')
|
||||
$if !no_bounds_checking? {
|
||||
if i < 0 || i >= a.len {
|
||||
panic('array.delete: index out of range (i == $i, a.len == $a.len)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
size := a.element_size
|
||||
C.memmove(a.data + i * size, a.data + (i + 1) * size, (a.len - i) * size)
|
||||
|
|
@ -150,24 +154,30 @@ pub fn (a mut array) clear() {
|
|||
|
||||
// Private function. Used to implement array[] operator
|
||||
fn (a array) get(i int) voidptr {
|
||||
if i < 0 || i >= a.len {
|
||||
panic('array.get: index out of range (i == $i, a.len == $a.len)')
|
||||
$if !no_bounds_checking? {
|
||||
if i < 0 || i >= a.len {
|
||||
panic('array.get: index out of range (i == $i, a.len == $a.len)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
return a.data + i * a.element_size
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// array.first returns the first element of the array
|
||||
pub fn (a array) first() voidptr {
|
||||
if a.len == 0 {
|
||||
panic('array.first: array is empty')
|
||||
$if !no_bounds_checking? {
|
||||
if a.len == 0 {
|
||||
panic('array.first: array is empty')
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
return a.data + 0
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// array.last returns the last element of the array
|
||||
pub fn (a array) last() voidptr {
|
||||
if a.len == 0 {
|
||||
panic('array.last: array is empty')
|
||||
$if !no_bounds_checking? {
|
||||
if a.len == 0 {
|
||||
panic('array.last: array is empty')
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
return a.data + (a.len - 1) * a.element_size
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -176,9 +186,11 @@ pub fn (a array) last() voidptr {
|
|||
// array.left returns a new array using the same buffer as the given array
|
||||
// with the first `n` elements of the given array.
|
||||
fn (a array) left(n int) array {
|
||||
if n < 0 {
|
||||
panic('array.left: index is negative (n == $n)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
// $if !no_bounds_checking? {
|
||||
// if n < 0 {
|
||||
// panic('array.left: index is negative (n == $n)')
|
||||
// }
|
||||
// }
|
||||
if n >= a.len {
|
||||
return a.slice(0, a.len)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -190,9 +202,11 @@ fn (a array) left(n int) array {
|
|||
// If `n` is bigger or equal to the length of the given array,
|
||||
// returns an empty array of the same type as the given array.
|
||||
fn (a array) right(n int) array {
|
||||
if n < 0 {
|
||||
panic('array.right: index is negative (n == $n)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
// $if !no_bounds_checking? {
|
||||
// if n < 0 {
|
||||
// panic('array.right: index is negative (n == $n)')
|
||||
// }
|
||||
// }
|
||||
if n >= a.len {
|
||||
return new_array(0, 0, a.element_size)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -206,14 +220,16 @@ fn (a array) right(n int) array {
|
|||
// set to the number of the elements in the slice.
|
||||
fn (a array) slice(start, _end int) array {
|
||||
mut end := _end
|
||||
if start > end {
|
||||
panic('array.slice: invalid slice index ($start > $end)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
if end > a.len {
|
||||
panic('array.slice: slice bounds out of range ($end >= $a.len)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
if start < 0 {
|
||||
panic('array.slice: slice bounds out of range ($start < 0)')
|
||||
$if !no_bounds_checking? {
|
||||
if start > end {
|
||||
panic('array.slice: invalid slice index ($start > $end)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
if end > a.len {
|
||||
panic('array.slice: slice bounds out of range ($end >= $a.len)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
if start < 0 {
|
||||
panic('array.slice: slice bounds out of range ($start < 0)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
l := end - start
|
||||
res := array{
|
||||
|
|
@ -249,14 +265,16 @@ pub fn (a array) clone() array {
|
|||
|
||||
fn (a array) slice_clone(start, _end int) array {
|
||||
mut end := _end
|
||||
if start > end {
|
||||
panic('array.slice: invalid slice index ($start > $end)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
if end > a.len {
|
||||
panic('array.slice: slice bounds out of range ($end >= $a.len)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
if start < 0 {
|
||||
panic('array.slice: slice bounds out of range ($start < 0)')
|
||||
$if !no_bounds_checking? {
|
||||
if start > end {
|
||||
panic('array.slice: invalid slice index ($start > $end)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
if end > a.len {
|
||||
panic('array.slice: slice bounds out of range ($end >= $a.len)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
if start < 0 {
|
||||
panic('array.slice: slice bounds out of range ($start < 0)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
l := end - start
|
||||
res := array{
|
||||
|
|
@ -270,8 +288,10 @@ fn (a array) slice_clone(start, _end int) array {
|
|||
|
||||
// Private function. Used to implement assigment to the array element.
|
||||
fn (a mut array) set(i int, val voidptr) {
|
||||
if i < 0 || i >= a.len {
|
||||
panic('array.set: index out of range (i == $i, a.len == $a.len)')
|
||||
$if !no_bounds_checking? {
|
||||
if i < 0 || i >= a.len {
|
||||
panic('array.set: index out of range (i == $i, a.len == $a.len)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
C.memcpy(a.data + a.element_size * i, val, a.element_size)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -33,20 +33,25 @@ pub fn (x f64) strlong() string {
|
|||
return tmpstr
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
[inline]
|
||||
fn f32_abs(a f32) f32 {
|
||||
return if a < 0 { -a } else { a }
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
[inline]
|
||||
fn f64_abs(a f64) f64 {
|
||||
return if a < 0 { -a } else { a }
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// compare floats using C epsilon
|
||||
// ==
|
||||
|
||||
[inline]
|
||||
pub fn (a f64) eq(b f64) bool {
|
||||
return f64_abs(a - b) <= C.DBL_EPSILON
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
[inline]
|
||||
pub fn (a f32) eq(b f32) bool {
|
||||
return f32_abs(a - b) <= C.FLT_EPSILON
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -518,8 +518,10 @@ fn (s string) substr2(start, _end int, end_max bool) string {
|
|||
}
|
||||
|
||||
pub fn (s string) substr(start, end int) string {
|
||||
if start > end || start > s.len || end > s.len || start < 0 || end < 0 {
|
||||
panic('substr($start, $end) out of bounds (len=$s.len)')
|
||||
$if !no_bounds_checking? {
|
||||
if start > end || start > s.len || end > s.len || start < 0 || end < 0 {
|
||||
panic('substr($start, $end) out of bounds (len=$s.len)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
len := end - start
|
||||
mut res := string{
|
||||
|
|
@ -1043,8 +1045,10 @@ pub fn (u ustring) count(substr ustring) int {
|
|||
}
|
||||
|
||||
pub fn (u ustring) substr(_start, _end int) string {
|
||||
if _start > _end || _start > u.len || _end > u.len || _start < 0 || _end < 0 {
|
||||
panic('substr($_start, $_end) out of bounds (len=$u.len)')
|
||||
$if !no_bounds_checking? {
|
||||
if _start > _end || _start > u.len || _end > u.len || _start < 0 || _end < 0 {
|
||||
panic('substr($_start, $_end) out of bounds (len=$u.len)')
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
end := if _end >= u.len { u.s.len } else { u.runes[_end] }
|
||||
return u.s.substr(u.runes[_start], end)
|
||||
|
|
@ -1065,15 +1069,19 @@ pub fn (u ustring) right(pos int) string {
|
|||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn (s string) at(idx int) byte {
|
||||
if idx < 0 || idx >= s.len {
|
||||
panic('string index out of range: $idx / $s.len')
|
||||
$if !no_bounds_checking? {
|
||||
if idx < 0 || idx >= s.len {
|
||||
panic('string index out of range: $idx / $s.len')
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
return s.str[idx]
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
pub fn (u ustring) at(idx int) string {
|
||||
if idx < 0 || idx >= u.len {
|
||||
panic('string index out of range: $idx / $u.runes.len')
|
||||
$if !no_bounds_checking? {
|
||||
if idx < 0 || idx >= u.len {
|
||||
panic('string index out of range: $idx / $u.runes.len')
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
return u.substr(idx, idx + 1)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -140,6 +140,25 @@ $c_common_macros
|
|||
#define DEFAULT_LE(a, b) (a <= b)
|
||||
#define DEFAULT_GT(a, b) (a > b)
|
||||
#define DEFAULT_GE(a, b) (a >= b)
|
||||
|
||||
// NB: macro_fXX_eq and macro_fXX_ne are NOT used
|
||||
// in the generated C code. They are here just for
|
||||
// completeness/testing.
|
||||
|
||||
#define macro_f64_eq(a, b) (a == b)
|
||||
#define macro_f64_ne(a, b) (a != b)
|
||||
#define macro_f64_lt(a, b) (a < b)
|
||||
#define macro_f64_le(a, b) (a <= b)
|
||||
#define macro_f64_gt(a, b) (a > b)
|
||||
#define macro_f64_ge(a, b) (a >= b)
|
||||
|
||||
#define macro_f32_eq(a, b) (a == b)
|
||||
#define macro_f32_ne(a, b) (a != b)
|
||||
#define macro_f32_lt(a, b) (a < b)
|
||||
#define macro_f32_le(a, b) (a <= b)
|
||||
#define macro_f32_gt(a, b) (a > b)
|
||||
#define macro_f32_ge(a, b) (a >= b)
|
||||
|
||||
//================================== GLOBALS =================================*/
|
||||
byte g_str_buf[1024];
|
||||
int load_so(byteptr);
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -217,6 +217,10 @@ fn (p mut Parser) bterm() string {
|
|||
if is_float && p.cur_fn.name != 'f32_abs' && p.cur_fn.name != 'f64_abs' {
|
||||
p.gen(')')
|
||||
match tok {
|
||||
// NB: For more precision/stability, the == and != float
|
||||
// comparisons are done with V functions that use the epsilon
|
||||
// constants for the given type.
|
||||
// Everything else uses native comparisons (C macros) for speed.
|
||||
.eq {
|
||||
p.cgen.set_placeholder(ph, '${expr_type}_eq(')
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -224,16 +228,16 @@ fn (p mut Parser) bterm() string {
|
|||
p.cgen.set_placeholder(ph, '${expr_type}_ne(')
|
||||
}
|
||||
.le {
|
||||
p.cgen.set_placeholder(ph, '${expr_type}_le(')
|
||||
p.cgen.set_placeholder(ph, 'macro_${expr_type}_le(')
|
||||
}
|
||||
.ge {
|
||||
p.cgen.set_placeholder(ph, '${expr_type}_ge(')
|
||||
p.cgen.set_placeholder(ph, 'macro_${expr_type}_ge(')
|
||||
}
|
||||
.gt {
|
||||
p.cgen.set_placeholder(ph, '${expr_type}_gt(')
|
||||
p.cgen.set_placeholder(ph, 'macro_${expr_type}_gt(')
|
||||
}
|
||||
.lt {
|
||||
p.cgen.set_placeholder(ph, '${expr_type}_lt(')
|
||||
p.cgen.set_placeholder(ph, 'macro_${expr_type}_lt(')
|
||||
}
|
||||
else {
|
||||
}}
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue