encoding: document all of the `encoding.base64` module (#8276)

vlib/encoding/base64/base64.v

@@ -1,44 +1,34 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2019-2021 Alexander Medvednikov. All rights reserved.
 // Use of this source code is governed by an MIT license
 // that can be found in the LICENSE file.
-
 module base64
 
 const (
-	index = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	index        = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+		0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 62, 63, 62, 62, 63, 52, 53, 54, 55,
-	62, 63, 62, 62, 63, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 0, 0, 0,
+		56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16,
+		13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 0, 0, 0, 0, 63, 0, 26, 27, 28, 29,
-	17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 0, 0, 0, 0, 63, 0, 26, 27, 28, 29,
+		30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51]!
-	30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46,
-	47, 48, 49, 50, 51]!
-
 	ending_table = [0, 2, 1]!
-	enc_table = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/'
+	enc_table    = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/'
 )
 
-/*
+// decode decodes the base64 encoded `string` value passed in `data`.
-decode - expects a base64 encoded string. Returns its decoded version.
+// Please note: If you need to decode many strings repeatedly, take a look at `decode_in_buffer`.
-@param data - the encoded input string.
+// Example: assert base64.decode('ViBpbiBiYXNlIDY0') == 'V in base 64'
-@return the decoded version of the input string data.
-NB: if you need to decode many strings repeatedly, take a look at decode_in_buffer too.
- */
 pub fn decode(data string) string {
 	size := data.len * 3 / 4
 	if size <= 0 {
 		return ''
 	}
 	buffer := malloc(size)
-	return tos(buffer, decode_in_buffer(data, buffer) )
+	return tos(buffer, decode_in_buffer(data, buffer))
 }
 
-/*
+// encode encodes the `string` value passed in `data` to base64.
-decode - expects a string. Returns its base64 encoded version.
+// Please note: base64 encoding returns a `string` that is ~ 4/3 larger than the input.
-@param data - the input string.
+// Please note: If you need to encode many strings repeatedly, take a look at `encode_in_buffer`.
-@return the base64 encoded version of the input string.
+// Example: assert base64.encode('V in base 64') == 'ViBpbiBiYXNlIDY0'
-NB: base64 encoding returns a string that is ~ 4/3 larger than the input.
-NB: if you need to encode many strings repeatedly, take a look at encode_in_buffer too.
- */
 pub fn encode(data string) string {
 	size := 4 * ((data.len + 2) / 3)
 	if size <= 0 {
@@ -48,34 +38,33 @@ pub fn encode(data string) string {
 	return tos(buffer, encode_in_buffer(data, buffer))
 }
 
-// decode decodes base64url string to string
+// decode_url returns a decoded URL `string` version of
+// the a base64 url encoded `string` passed in `data`.
 pub fn decode_url(data string) string {
 	mut result := data.replace('-', '+') // 62nd char of encoding
 	result = data.replace('_', '/') // 63rd char of encoding
 	match result.len % 4 { // Pad with trailing '='s
-		2 { result += "==" }  // 2 pad chars
+		2 { result += '==' } // 2 pad chars
-		3 { result += "=" }   // 1 pad char
+		3 { result += '=' } // 1 pad char
-		else { }              // no padding
+		else {} // no padding
 	}
-	return base64.decode(data)
+	return decode(data)
 }
 
-// encode encodes given string to base64url string
+// encode_url returns a base64 URL encoded `string` version
+// of the value passed in `data`.
 pub fn encode_url(data string) string {
-	mut result := base64.encode(data)
+	mut result := encode(data)
 	// 62nd char of encoding, 63rd char of encoding, remove any trailing '='s
 	result = result.replace_each(['+', '-', '/', '_', '=', ''])
 	return result
 }
 
-/*
+// decode_in_buffer decodes the base64 encoded `string` reference passed in `data` into `buffer`.
-decode_in_buffer - expects a string reference, and a buffer in which to store its decoded version.
+// decode_in_buffer returns the size of the decoded data in the buffer.
-@param data - a reference/pointer to the input string that will be decoded.
+// Please note: The `buffer` should be large enough (i.e. 3/4 of the data.len, or larger)
-@param buffer - a reference/pointer to the buffer that will hold the result.
+// to hold the decoded data.
-The buffer should be large enough (i.e. 3/4 of the data.len, or larger) to hold the decoded data.
+// Please note: This function does NOT allocate new memory, and is thus suitable for handling very large strings.
-@return the actual size of the decoded data in the buffer.
-NB: this function does NOT allocate new memory, and is suitable for handling very large strings.
- */
 pub fn decode_in_buffer(data &string, buffer byteptr) int {
 	mut padding := 0
 	if data.ends_with('=') {
@@ -85,7 +74,7 @@ pub fn decode_in_buffer(data &string, buffer byteptr) int {
 			padding = 1
 		}
 	}
-	//input_length is the length of meaningful data
+	// input_length is the length of meaningful data
 	input_length := data.len - padding
 	output_length := input_length * 3 / 4
 
@@ -93,52 +82,47 @@ pub fn decode_in_buffer(data &string, buffer byteptr) int {
 	mut j := 0
 	mut b := &byte(0)
 	mut d := &byte(0)
-	unsafe{
+	unsafe {
 		d = byteptr(data.str)
 		b = byteptr(buffer)
 	}
-
 	for i < input_length {
 		mut char_a := 0
 		mut char_b := 0
 		mut char_c := 0
 		mut char_d := 0
 		if i < input_length {
-			char_a = index[unsafe {d[i]}]
+			char_a = index[unsafe { d[i] }]
 			i++
 		}
 		if i < input_length {
-			char_b = index[unsafe {d[i]}]
+			char_b = index[unsafe { d[i] }]
 			i++
 		}
 		if i < input_length {
-			char_c = index[unsafe {d[i]}]
+			char_c = index[unsafe { d[i] }]
 			i++
 		}
 		if i < input_length {
-			char_d = index[unsafe {d[i]}]
+			char_d = index[unsafe { d[i] }]
 			i++
 		}
 
 		decoded_bytes := (char_a << 18) | (char_b << 12) | (char_c << 6) | (char_d << 0)
 		unsafe {
-			b[j]   = byte(decoded_bytes >> 16)
+			b[j] = byte(decoded_bytes >> 16)
-			b[j+1] = byte((decoded_bytes >> 8) & 0xff)
+			b[j + 1] = byte((decoded_bytes >> 8) & 0xff)
-			b[j+2] = byte((decoded_bytes >> 0) & 0xff)
+			b[j + 2] = byte((decoded_bytes >> 0) & 0xff)
 		}
 		j += 3
 	}
 	return output_length
 }
 
-/*
+// encode_in_buffer base64 encodes the `string` reference passed in `data` into `buffer`.
-encode_in_buffer - expects a string reference, and a buffer in which to store its base64 encoded version.
+// encode_in_buffer returns the size of the encoded data in the buffer.
-@param data - a reference/pointer to the input string.
+// Please note: The buffer should be large enough (i.e. 4/3 of the data.len, or larger) to hold the encoded data.
-@param buffer - a reference/pointer to the buffer that will hold the result.
+// Please note: The function does NOT allocate new memory, and is suitable for handling very large strings.
-The buffer should be large enough (i.e. 4/3 of the data.len, or larger) to hold the encoded data.
-@return the actual size of the encoded data in the buffer.
-NB: this function does NOT allocate new memory, and is suitable for handling very large strings.
- */
 pub fn encode_in_buffer(data &string, buffer byteptr) int {
 	input_length := data.len
 	output_length := 4 * ((input_length + 2) / 3)
@@ -146,40 +130,39 @@ pub fn encode_in_buffer(data &string, buffer byteptr) int {
 	mut i := 0
 	mut j := 0
 
-	mut d	   := byteptr(0)
+	mut d := byteptr(0)
-	mut b	   := byteptr(0)
+	mut b := byteptr(0)
 	mut etable := byteptr(0)
-	unsafe{
+	unsafe {
 		d = data.str
 		b = buffer
 		etable = enc_table.str
 	}
-
 	for i < input_length {
 		mut octet_a := 0
 		mut octet_b := 0
 		mut octet_c := 0
 
 		if i < input_length {
-			octet_a = int(unsafe {d[i]})
+			octet_a = int(unsafe { d[i] })
 			i++
 		}
 		if i < input_length {
-			octet_b = int(unsafe {d[i]})
+			octet_b = int(unsafe { d[i] })
 			i++
 		}
 		if i < input_length {
-			octet_c = int(unsafe {d[i]})
+			octet_c = int(unsafe { d[i] })
 			i++
 		}
 
 		triple := ((octet_a << 0x10) + (octet_b << 0x08) + octet_c)
 
 		unsafe {
-			b[j]   = etable[ (triple >> 3 * 6) & 63 ]  // 63 is 0x3F
+			b[j] = etable[(triple >> 3 * 6) & 63] // 63 is 0x3F
-			b[j+1] = etable[ (triple >> 2 * 6) & 63 ]
+			b[j + 1] = etable[(triple >> 2 * 6) & 63]
-			b[j+2] = etable[ (triple >> 1 * 6) & 63 ]
+			b[j + 2] = etable[(triple >> 1 * 6) & 63]
-			b[j+3] = etable[ (triple >> 0 * 6) & 63 ]
+			b[j + 3] = etable[(triple >> 0 * 6) & 63]
 		}
 		j += 4
 	}