v/vlib/math/math.v

// Copyright (c) 2019 Alexander Medvednikov. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT license
// that can be found in the LICENSE file.

module math

#include <math.h>

// NOTE
// When adding a new function, please make sure it's in the right place.
// All functions are sorted alphabetically.

const (
	E   = 2.71828182845904523536028747135266249775724709369995957496696763
	Pi  = 3.14159265358979323846264338327950288419716939937510582097494459
	Phi = 1.61803398874989484820458683436563811772030917980576286213544862
	Tau = 6.28318530717958647692528676655900576839433879875021164194988918

	Sqrt2   = 1.41421356237309504880168872420969807856967187537694807317667974
	SqrtE   = 1.64872127070012814684865078781416357165377610071014801157507931
	SqrtPi  = 1.77245385090551602729816748334114518279754945612238712821380779
	SqrtTau = 2.50662827463100050241576528481104525300698674060993831662992357
	SqrtPhi = 1.27201964951406896425242246173749149171560804184009624861664038

	Ln2    = 0.693147180559945309417232121458176568075500134360255254120680009
	Log2E  = 1.0 / Ln2
	Ln10   = 2.30258509299404568401799145468436420760110148862877297603332790
	Log10E = 1.0 / Ln10
)

const (
        MaxI8   = (1<<7) - 1
        MinI8   = -1 << 7
        MaxI16  = (1<<15) - 1
        MinI16  = -1 << 15
        MaxI32  = (1<<31) - 1
        MinI32  = -1 << 31
//        MaxI64  = ((1<<63) - 1)
//        MinI64  = (-(1 << 63) )
        MaxU8  = (1<<8) - 1
        MaxU16 = (1<<16) - 1
        MaxU32 = (1<<32) - 1
        MaxU64 = (1<<64) - 1
)

// Returns the absolute value.
pub fn abs(a f64) f64 {
	if a < 0 {
		return -a
	}
	return a
}

// acos calculates inversed cosine (arccosine).
pub fn acos(a f64) f64 {
	return C.acos(a)
}

// asin calculates inversed sine (arcsine).
pub fn asin(a f64) f64 {
	return C.asin(a)
}

// atan calculates inversed tangent (arctangent).
pub fn atan(a f64) f64 {
	return C.atan(a)
}

// atan2 calculates inversed tangent with two arguments, returns angle between the X axis and the point.
pub fn atan2(a, b f64) f64 {
	return C.atan2(a, b)
}

// cbrt calculates cubic root.
pub fn cbrt(a f64) f64 {
	return C.cbrt(a)
}

// ceil returns the nearest integer greater or equal to the provided value.
pub fn ceil(a f64) int {
	return C.ceil(a)
}

// cos calculates cosine.
pub fn cos(a f64) f64 {
	return C.cos(a)
}

// cosh calculates hyperbolic cosine.
pub fn cosh(a f64) f64 {
	return C.cosh(a)
}

// degrees convert from degrees to radians.
pub fn degrees(radians f64) f64 {
	return radians * (180.0 / Pi)
}

// exp calculates exponement of the number (math.pow(math.E, a)).
pub fn exp(a f64) f64 {
	return C.exp(a)
}

// digits returns an array of the digits of n in the given base.
pub fn digits(_n, base int) []int {
	mut n := _n 
	mut sign := 1
	if n < 0 {
		sign = -1
		n = -n
	}
	mut res := []int
	for n != 0 {
		res << (n % base) * sign
		n /= base
	}
	return res
}

// erf computes the error funtion value
pub fn erf(a f64) f64 {
	return C.erf(a)
}

// erfc computes the complimentary error function value
pub fn erfc(a f64) f64 {
	return C.erfc(a)
}

// exp2 returns the base-2 exponential function of a (math.pow(2, a)).
pub fn exp2(a f64) f64 {
	return C.exp2(a)
}

// factorial calculates the factorial of the provided value.
// TODO bring back once multiple value functions are implemented 
fn recursive_product( n int, current_number_ptr &int) int{
    mut m := n / 2
    if (m == 0){
        return *current_number_ptr += 2
    }
    if (n == 2){
        return (*current_number_ptr += 2) * (*current_number_ptr += 2)
    }
    return recursive_product((n - m), *current_number_ptr) * recursive_product(m, *current_number_ptr)
}

pub fn factorial(n int) i64 {
    if n < 0 {
        panic('factorial: Cannot find factorial of negative number')
    }
    if n < 2 {
        return i64(1)
    }
    mut r := 1
    mut p := 1
    mut current_number := 1
    mut h := 0
    mut shift := 0
    mut high := 1
    mut len := high
    mut log2n := int(floor(log2(n)))
    for ;h != n; {
        shift += h
        h = n >> log2n
        log2n -= 1
        len = high
        high = (h - 1) | 1
        len = (high - len)/2
        if (len > 0){
            p *= recursive_product(len, &current_number)
            r *= p
        }
    }
    return i64((r << shift))
}

// floor returns the nearest integer lower or equal of the provided value.
pub fn floor(a f64) f64 {
	return C.floor(a)
}

// fmod returns the floating-point remainder of number / denom (rounded towards zero):
pub fn fmod(a, b f64) f64 {
	return C.fmod(a, b)
}

// gamma computes the gamma function value
pub fn gamma(a f64) f64 {
	return C.tgamma(a)
}

// gcd calculates greatest common (positive) divisor (or zero if a and b are both zero).
pub fn gcd(a, b i64) i64 {
	if a < 0 {
		a = -a
	}
	if b < 0 {
		b = -b
	}
	for b != 0 {
		a %= b
		if a == 0 {
			return b
		}
		b %= a
	}
	return a
}

// Returns hypotenuse of a right triangle.
pub fn hypot(a, b f64) f64 {
	return C.hypot(a, b)
}

// lcm calculates least common (non-negative) multiple.
pub fn lcm(a, b i64) i64 {
	if a == 0 {
		return a
	}
	res := a * (b / gcd(b, a))
	if res < 0 {
		return -res
	}
	return res
}

// log calculates natural (base-e) logarithm of the provided value.
pub fn log(a f64) f64 {
	return C.log(a)
}

// log2 calculates base-2 logarithm of the provided value.
pub fn log2(a f64) f64 {
	return C.log2(a)
}

// log10 calculates the common (base-10) logarithm of the provided value.
pub fn log10(a f64) f64 {
	return C.log10(a)
}

// log_gamma computes the log-gamma function value
pub fn log_gamma(a f64) f64 {
	return C.lgamma(a)
}

// log_n calculates base-N logarithm of the provided value.
pub fn log_n(a, b f64) f64 {
	return C.log(a) / C.log(b)
}

// max returns the maximum value of the two provided.
pub fn max(a, b f64) f64 {
	if a > b {
		return a
	}
	return b
}

// min returns the minimum value of the two provided.
pub fn min(a, b f64) f64 {
	if a < b {
		return a
	}
	return b
}

// pow returns base raised to the provided power.
pub fn pow(a, b f64) f64 {
	return C.pow(a, b)
}

// radians convert from radians to degrees.
pub fn radians(degrees f64) f64 {
	return degrees * (Pi / 180.0)
}

// round returns the integer nearest to the provided value.
pub fn round(f f64) f64 {
	return C.round(f)
}

// sin calculates sine.
pub fn sin(a f64) f64 {
	return C.sin(a)
}

// sinh calculates hyperbolic sine.
pub fn sinh(a f64) f64 {
	return C.sinh(a)
}

// sqrt calculates square-root of the provided value.
pub fn sqrt(a f64) f64 {
	return C.sqrt(a)
}
// tan calculates tangent.
pub fn tan(a f64) f64 {
	return C.tan(a)
}

// tanh calculates hyperbolic tangent.
pub fn tanh(a f64) f64 {
	return C.tanh(a)
}

// trunc rounds a toward zero, returning the nearest integral value that is not
// larger in magnitude than a.
pub fn trunc(a f64) f64 {
	return C.trunc(a)
}