161 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
161 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
# The V Programming Language 0.1.x
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[](https://travis-ci.org/vlang/v)
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<a href='https://patreon.com/vlang'><img src='https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fshieldsio-patreon.herokuapp.com%2Fvlang%2Fpledges&style=for-the-badge' height='20'></a>
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https://vlang.io
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Documentation: https://vlang.io/docs
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Twitter: https://twitter.com/v_language
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Discord (primary community): https://discord.gg/n7c74HM
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Installing V: https://github.com/vlang/v#installing-v-from-source
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## Key Features of V
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- Simplicity: the language can be learned in less than an hour
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- Fast compilation: ~100k loc/s right now, ~1.2 million loc/s once x64 generation is mature enough
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- Easy to develop: V compiles itself in less than a second
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- Performance: within 3% of C
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- Safety: no null, no globals, no undefined behavior, immutability by default
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- C to V translation
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- Hot code reloading
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- Powerful UI and graphics libraries
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- Easy cross compilation
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- REPL
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- Built-in ORM
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V 1.0 release is planned for December 2019. Right now V is in an alpha stage.
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## Notes
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GitHub marks V's code as written in Go. It's actually written in V, GitHub doesn't support the language yet.
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The compilation is temporarily slower for this release:
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- Debug builds are used (use `./v -prod -o v compiler` to get faster compilation).
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- vlib is recompiled with every program you build.
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- The new formatter runs on every single token and slows the compiler down by ~20%. This will be taken care of.
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## Installing V from source
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### Linux, macOS, Windows, *BSD, WSL, Android, Raspbian
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```bash
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git clone https://github.com/vlang/v
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cd v
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make
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```
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That's it! Now you have a V executable at `[path to V repo]/v`. `[path to V repo]` can be anywhere.
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### C compiler
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You'll need Clang or GCC. If you are doing development, you most likely already have it installed.
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On macOS run `xcode-select --install` if you don't have XCode or XCode tools.
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On Windows follow these instructions: [github.com/vlang/v/wiki/Installing-a-C-compiler-on-Windows](https://github.com/vlang/v/wiki/Installing-a-C-compiler-on-Windows)
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### Symlinking and updates
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You can create a `/usr/local/bin/v` symlink so that V is globally available:
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```
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sudo make symlink
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```
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V is being constantly updated. To update V, simply run
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```
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v up
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```
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## Docker
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```bash
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git clone https://github.com/vlang/v
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cd v
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docker build -t vlang .
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docker run --rm -it vlang:latest
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v
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```
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### Testing and running the examples
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Make sure V can compile itself:
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```
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v -o v compiler
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```
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```
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$ v
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V 0.1.x
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Use Ctrl-D to exit
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>>> println('hello world')
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hello world
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>>>
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```
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```
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cd examples
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v hello_world.v && ./hello_world # or simply
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v run hello_world.v # this builds the program and runs it right away
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v word_counter.v && ./word_counter cinderella.txt
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v run news_fetcher.v
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v run tetris/tetris.v
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```
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<img src='https://raw.githubusercontent.com/vlang/v/master/examples/tetris/screenshot.png' width=300>
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In order to build Tetris and anything else using the graphics module, you will need to install glfw and freetype.
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```
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v install glfw
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```
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If you plan to use the http package, you also need to install openssl on non-Windows systems.
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```
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macOS:
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brew install glfw freetype openssl
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Debian/Ubuntu:
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sudo apt install libglfw3 libglfw3-dev libfreetype6-dev libssl-dev
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Arch/Manjaro:
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sudo pacman -S glfw-x11 freetype2
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Fedora:
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sudo dnf install glfw glfw-devel freetype-devel
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```
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glfw dependency will be removed soon.
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## Contributing
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Code structure:
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https://github.com/vlang/v/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md
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If you introduce a breaking change and rebuild V, you will no longer be able to use V to build itself. So it's a good idea to make a backup copy of a working compiler executable.
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