203 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
203 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
<img width="80" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/donnisnoni95/v-logo/master/dist/v-logo.svg?sanitize=true">
|
|
|
|
# The V Programming Language
|
|
|
|
[](https://github.com/vlang/v/commits/master)
|
|
<a href='https://patreon.com/vlang'><img src='https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fshieldsio-patreon.herokuapp.com%2Fvlang%2Fpledges&style=for-the-badge' height='20'></a>
|
|
[![Twitter handle][]][Twitter badge]
|
|
|
|
**V's backend has just been replaced on April 1, 15k lines of code were removed, some things are broken, we are working hard to fix them all by April 4.**
|
|
|
|
https://vlang.io
|
|
|
|
Documentation: [vlang.io/docs](https://vlang.io/docs)
|
|
|
|
Changelog: [github.com/vlang/v/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md](https://github.com/vlang/v/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md)
|
|
|
|
Speed Test: [fast.vlang.io](https://fast.vlang.io/) (monitors compilation speed for each commit to verify there are no speed regressions)
|
|
|
|
Twitter: [twitter.com/v_language](https://twitter.com/v_language)
|
|
|
|
Discord (primary community): [discord.gg/vlang](https://discord.gg/vlang)
|
|
|
|
Installing V: [github.com/vlang/v#installing-v-from-source](https://github.com/vlang/v#installing-v-from-source)
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Key Features of V
|
|
|
|
- Simplicity: the language can be learned in less than an hour
|
|
- Fast compilation: ≈100k — 1.2 million loc/s
|
|
- Easy to develop: V compiles itself in less than a second
|
|
- Performance: within 3% of C
|
|
- Safety: no null, no globals, no undefined behavior, immutability by default
|
|
- C to V translation
|
|
- Hot code reloading
|
|
- [Cross-platform UI library](https://github.com/vlang/ui)
|
|
- Built-in graphics library
|
|
- Easy cross compilation
|
|
- REPL
|
|
- Built-in ORM
|
|
- C and JavaScript backends
|
|
|
|
A stable 0.2 release is planned for March 2020. Right now V is in an alpha stage.
|
|
|
|
## Installing V from source
|
|
|
|
### Linux, macOS, Windows, *BSD, Solaris, WSL, Android, Raspbian
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
git clone https://github.com/vlang/v
|
|
cd v
|
|
make
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
That's it! Now you have a V executable at `[path to V repo]/v`. `[path to V repo]` can be anywhere.
|
|
|
|
(On Windows `make` means running `make.bat`, so make sure you use `cmd.exe`.)
|
|
|
|
V is being constantly updated. To update V, simply run:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
v up
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### C compiler
|
|
|
|
You'll need Clang or GCC or Visual Studio. If you are doing development, you most likely already have one of those installed.
|
|
|
|
Otherwise, follow these instructions:
|
|
|
|
- [Installing a C compiler on Linux and macOS](https://github.com/vlang/v/wiki/Installing-a-C-compiler-on-Linux-and-macOS)
|
|
|
|
- [Installing a C compiler on Windows](https://github.com/vlang/v/wiki/Installing-a-C-compiler-on-Windows)
|
|
|
|
### Symlinking
|
|
|
|
You can create a `/usr/local/bin/v` symlink so that V is globally available:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
sudo ./v symlink
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Docker
|
|
|
|
<details><summary>Expand Docker instructions</summary>
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
git clone https://github.com/vlang/v
|
|
cd v
|
|
docker build -t vlang .
|
|
docker run --rm -it vlang:latest
|
|
v
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Docker with Alpine/musl:
|
|
```bash
|
|
git clone https://github.com/vlang/v
|
|
cd v
|
|
docker build -t vlang --file=Dockerfile.alpine .
|
|
docker run --rm -it vlang:latest
|
|
/usr/local/v/v
|
|
```
|
|
</details>
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Testing and running the examples
|
|
|
|
Make sure V can compile itself:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
v -o v2 cmd/v
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
$ v
|
|
V 0.1.x
|
|
Use Ctrl-C or `exit` to exit
|
|
|
|
>>> println('hello world')
|
|
hello world
|
|
>>>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
cd examples
|
|
v hello_world.v && ./hello_world # or simply
|
|
v run hello_world.v # this builds the program and runs it right away
|
|
|
|
v word_counter.v && ./word_counter cinderella.txt
|
|
v run news_fetcher.v
|
|
v run tetris/tetris.v
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
<img src='https://raw.githubusercontent.com/vlang/v/master/examples/tetris/screenshot.png' width=300>
|
|
|
|
In order to build Tetris and anything else using the graphics module, you will need to install glfw and freetype libraries.
|
|
|
|
If you plan to use the http package, you also need to install OpenSSL on non-Windows systems.
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
macOS:
|
|
brew install glfw freetype openssl
|
|
|
|
Debian/Ubuntu:
|
|
sudo apt install libglfw3 libglfw3-dev libfreetype6-dev libssl-dev
|
|
|
|
Arch/Manjaro:
|
|
sudo pacman -S glfw-x11 freetype2
|
|
|
|
Fedora:
|
|
sudo dnf install glfw glfw-devel freetype-devel
|
|
|
|
Windows:
|
|
git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/ubawurinna/freetype-windows-binaries [path to v repo]/thirdparty/freetype/
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
glfw dependency will be removed soon.
|
|
|
|
## V UI
|
|
|
|
<a href="https://github.com/vlang/ui">
|
|
<img src='https://raw.githubusercontent.com/vlang/ui/master/examples/screenshot.png' width=712>
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
https://github.com/vlang/ui
|
|
|
|
<!---
|
|
## JavaScript backend
|
|
|
|
[examples/hello_v_js.v](examples/hello_v_js.v):
|
|
|
|
```v
|
|
fn main() {
|
|
for i in 0..3 {
|
|
println('Hello from V.js')
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
v -o hi.js examples/hello_v_js.v && node hi.js
|
|
Hello from V.js
|
|
Hello from V.js
|
|
Hello from V.js
|
|
```
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
## Troubleshooting
|
|
|
|
https://github.com/vlang/v/wiki/Troubleshooting
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Contributing
|
|
|
|
Code structure:
|
|
|
|
https://github.com/vlang/v/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md
|
|
|
|
If you introduce a breaking change and rebuild V, you will no longer be able to use V to build itself. So it's a good idea to make a backup copy of a working compiler executable.
|
|
|
|
[Twitter handle]: https://img.shields.io/twitter/follow/v_language.svg?style=social&label=Follow
|
|
[Twitter badge]: https://twitter.com/v_language
|